The invention concerns a method for producing a polyester containing at least one 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitol unit comprising: a step of introducing, into a reactor, monomers comprising at least one monomer (A) that is a diacid or a diester and at least one monomer (B) that is a 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitol; a step of introducing, into the reactor, a catalytic system comprising either a catalyst comprising the element germanium and a catalyst comprising the element aluminum, or a catalyst comprising the elements germanium and aluminum, or a mixture of said two catalysts; a step of polymerizing said monomers to form the polyester; a step of recovering a polyester composition comprising the polyester and the catalytic system. The invention also concerns a polyester composition containing a catalytic system comprising either a catalyst comprising the element germanium and a catalyst comprising the element aluminum, or a catalyst comprising the elements germanium and aluminum, or a mixture of said two catalysts, and the use of same to reduce the coloring of the polyester.

A polymerized rosin compound includes a rosin dimer component (A) including a bifunctional rosin dimer component (a1) represented by formula (1): ROOCXCOOR. In this formula, X represents a rosin dimer residue derived from abietic acid, neoabietic acid, or palustric acid, which are resin acids having conjugated double bonds; and R represents hydrogen, an alkyl group of I to 5 carbon atoms, or a benzyl group. The rosin dimer component (A) contains a bifunctional rosin dimer component (a1) in the amount of 80% by weight or more and a rosin trimer or higher oligomer component (B) in the range from 1.5 to 3.7% by weight, wherein the rosin dimer component is free of a monofunctional rosin dimer component (a2) having one functional group represented by formula (2): ROOC, wherein R represents hydrogen, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a benzyl group, and free from functional group containing rosin dimer component (a3), wherein the functional group represented by formula (2): ROOC, wherein R represents hydrogen, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a benzyl group. The polymerized rosin compound contains a large amount of the bifunctional rosin dimer component that makes it possible to obtain linear polymer with a high molecular weight.

A polymerized rosin compound includes a rosin dimer component (A) including a bifunctional rosin dimer component (a1) represented by formula (1): ROOCXCOOR. In this formula, X represents a rosin dimer residue derived from abietic acid, neoabietic acid, or palustric acid, which are resin acids having conjugated double bonds; and R represents hydrogen, an alkyl group of I to 5 carbon atoms, or a benzyl group. The rosin dimer component (A) contains a bifunctional rosin dimer component (a1) in the amount of 80% by weight or more and a rosin trimer or higher oligomer component (B) in the range from 1.5 to 3.7% by weight, wherein the rosin dimer component is free of a monofunctional rosin dimer component (a2) having one functional group represented by formula (2): ROOC, wherein R represents hydrogen, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a benzyl group, and free from functional group containing rosin dimer component (a3), wherein the functional group represented by formula (2): ROOC, wherein R represents hydrogen, an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a benzyl group. The polymerized rosin compound contains a large amount of the bifunctional rosin dimer component that makes it possible to obtain linear polymer with a high molecular weight.

The present invention relates to a powder coating formulation, comprising at least one partially crystalline thermoplastic unsaturated polyester (A), at least one thermoplastic allyl prepolymer (B) which is copolymerizable with said polyester, and a thermal initiation system (C), including at least one thermal initiator, wherein the allyl prepolymer (B) has a weight average molar mass greater than 5000 g/mol, preferably greater than 10000 g/mol, and particularly preferably greater than 20000 g/mol, and/or has a viscosity of 30 mPas to 200 mPas, preferably of between 40 mPas and 170 mPas, particularly preferably of between 50 mPas and 150 mPas, and wherein the unsaturated polyester (A) has a melting point of between 90 and 120 C., preferably of 90-110 C., particularly preferably of 90-105 C., and still more preferably of 90-100 C.

The present invention relates to a powder coating formulation, comprising at least one partially crystalline thermoplastic unsaturated polyester (A), at least one thermoplastic allyl prepolymer (B) which is copolymerizable with said polyester, and a thermal initiation system (C), including at least one thermal initiator, wherein the allyl prepolymer (B) has a weight average molar mass greater than 5000 g/mol, preferably greater than 10000 g/mol, and particularly preferably greater than 20000 g/mol, and/or has a viscosity of 30 mPas to 200 mPas, preferably of between 40 mPas and 170 mPas, particularly preferably of between 50 mPas and 150 mPas, and wherein the unsaturated polyester (A) has a melting point of between 90 and 120 C., preferably of 90-110 C., particularly preferably of 90-105 C., and still more preferably of 90-100 C.

An object of the present invention is to provide a toner binder and a toner that maintains offset resistance while having high gloss and that is excellent in low-temperature fixability, grindability, image strength, and heat-resistant storage stability. The toner binder of the present invention is a toner binder containing a non-linear polyester modified resin (A), wherein the non-linear polyester modified resin (A) is a modified resin having one or more carbon-carbon bonds crosslinking polyesters, and the toner binder has a loss tangent tan of 2 to 20 in the entire temperature range of 110 C. to 130 C.

An object of the present invention is to provide a toner binder and a toner that maintains offset resistance while having high gloss and that is excellent in low-temperature fixability, grindability, image strength, and heat-resistant storage stability. The toner binder of the present invention is a toner binder containing a non-linear polyester modified resin (A), wherein the non-linear polyester modified resin (A) is a modified resin having one or more carbon-carbon bonds crosslinking polyesters, and the toner binder has a loss tangent tan of 2 to 20 in the entire temperature range of 110 C. to 130 C.

The present invention relates to a polyurethane dispersion comprising particles of a polyurethane dispersed in a dispersing medium, wherein the polyurethane is obtainable by reacting a polyol and an isocyanate, wherein the polyol comprises at least one dimer fatty residue selected from a dimer fatty diacid residue, a dimer fatty diol residue and a dimer fatty diamine residue; and at least one furan dicarboxylic acid residue. The invention also relates to a coating composition comprising the polyurethane dispersion, a polyol for making the polyurethane dispersion, the use of the polyol and a method of making the polyurethane.

The present invention relates to a polyurethane dispersion comprising particles of a polyurethane dispersed in a dispersing medium, wherein the polyurethane is obtainable by reacting a polyol and an isocyanate, wherein the polyol comprises at least one dimer fatty residue selected from a dimer fatty diacid residue, a dimer fatty diol residue and a dimer fatty diamine residue; and at least one furan dicarboxylic acid residue. The invention also relates to a coating composition comprising the polyurethane dispersion, a polyol for making the polyurethane dispersion, the use of the polyol and a method of making the polyurethane.

The present invention relates to an aliphatic-aromatic copolyester resin composition with excellent hydrolysis resistance, wherein an unsaturated compound or an anhydride thereof is introduced into a molecular structure, and specifically, the aliphatic-aromatic copolyester resin composition can be manufactured into all molded products by extrusion, injection and the like, by solving problems with respect to physical properties, processability, reaction rates and water solubility of conventional biological resins.