The present disclosure is directed to resins and to polymers, copolymers, and blends formed therefrom.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a surface layer containing a charge transporting material and a polyester resin having a specific structure.

The present disclosure is directed to resins and to polymers, copolymers, and blends formed therefrom.

A coating composition comprising a crosslinkable polyester polymer comprising an isocyanurate group and a crosslinkable group; a crosslinker; and an acid catalyst, wherein at least one of the crosslinkable polyester polymer and the crosslinker comprises an iodine-containing polymer.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon,

Presently described are components of a spray application system, a method of making thereof, wherein at least one component comprises a liquid repellent surface layer such that the receding contact angle with water ranged from 90 degrees to 135 degrees. The liquid repellent surface (e.g. layer) may comprise a porous layer and a lubricant impregnated into pores of the porous layer; a fluoropolymer; a fluorochemical material and an organic polymeric binder; or a fluorochemical material melt additive or silicone/silane/siloxane material melt additive and a thermoplastic polymeric material component. The component is typically a liquid reservoir, a liquid reservoir liner, a lid for a liquid reservoir or liner, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the component comprises a thermoplastic polymeric material. In some favored embodiments, the component is a removable liquid reservoir or liner. In some favored embodiments, the component is a collapsible liquid reservoir or liner. The spray application system typically further comprises a gravity-fed spray gun.

Disclosed in the present invention are a fluorine-containing polymerizable compound of the general formula (1) and a polymer compound obtained therefrom: ##STR00001##
where A represents a single bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, SO.sub.2, CH.sub.2, CO, C(CH.sub.3).sub.2, C(CH.sub.3)(CH.sub.2CH.sub.3), C(CF.sub.3).sub.2, C(CH.sub.3)(C.sub.6H.sub.5), CH.sub.2C.sub.6H.sub.4CH.sub.2 or a divalent organic group obtained by elimination of two hydrogen atoms from benzene, biphenyl, naphtharene, cyclohexene or fluorene; and a and b each independently represent an integer of 0 to 2 and satisfy a relationship of 1a+b4. The thus-obtained polymer compound combines adequate hydrophilicity and high transparency with low water adsorption of fluorine-containing compound.

A polyarylate resin includes at least one type of repeating unit represented by a general formula (1), at least one type of repeating unit represented by a general formula (2), and a terminal group represented by a general formula (3). R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 each represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each represent, independently of each other, a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group. R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 may bond together to represent a C.sub.5-7 cycloalkylidene group. X.sup.1 represents a divalent group represented by a chemical formula (2A), (2B), (2C), or (2D) with the proviso that when only one type of repeating unit represented by the general formula (2) is included, X.sup.1 does not represent a divalent group represented by the chemical formula (2D). R.sup.f represents a chain aliphatic group having at least one fluoro group.

##STR00001##

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a surface layer containing a charge transporting material and a polyester resin having a specific structure.