The present invention is to provide a monomer mixture that is cured rapidly even in the presence of oxygen and that forms a cured product having high hardness and excellent adhesion to metals and/or glass. The monomer mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention contains two or more types of cationically polymerizable monomers. As the cationically polymerizable monomers, the monomer mixture contains at least 10 wt. %, based on a total amount of the monomer mixture, of a compound having at least one cationically polymerizable group selected from the group consisting of a vinyl ether group, an epoxy group, and an oxetanyl group, and at least one hydroxy group in a molecule, and at least 5 wt. %, based on the total amount of the monomer mixture, of a compound represented by Formula (b). In the formula, R represents an s-valent straight-chain or branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an s-valent group having two or more straight-chain or branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups bonded to each other through an ether bond, and s represents an integer of 2 or greater.

An electrochemical cell includes a negative electrode that contains lithium and an electrolyte system. In one variation, the electrolyte system includes a first liquid electrolyte, a solid-dendrite-blocking layer, and an interface layer. The solid dendrite-blocking layer is ionically conducting and electrically insulating. The dendrite-blocking layer includes a first component and a distinct second component. The dendrite-blocking layer has a shear modulus of greater than or equal to about 7.5 GPa at 23 C. The interface layer is configured to interface with a negative electrode including lithium metal on a first side and the dendrite blocking layer on a second opposite side. The interface layer includes a second liquid electrolyte, a gel polymer electrolyte, or a solid-state electrolyte. The dendrite-blocking layer is disposed between the first liquid electrolyte and the interface layer.

An electrochemical cell includes a negative electrode that contains lithium and an electrolyte system. In one variation, the electrolyte system includes a first liquid electrolyte, a solid-dendrite-blocking layer, and an interface layer. The solid dendrite-blocking layer is ionically conducting and electrically insulating. The dendrite-blocking layer includes a first component and a distinct second component. The dendrite-blocking layer has a shear modulus of greater than or equal to about 7.5 GPa at 23 C. The interface layer is configured to interface with a negative electrode including lithium metal on a first side and the dendrite blocking layer on a second opposite side. The interface layer includes a second liquid electrolyte, a gel polymer electrolyte, or a solid-state electrolyte. The dendrite-blocking layer is disposed between the first liquid electrolyte and the interface layer.

The present invention provides a non-porous, breathable and waterproof transparent plastic film on a plastic substrate and methods for fabricating the same. The film includes a thermoplastic polyester resin, an amphiphilic modifier having a hydrophilic segment that acts as a channel for water vapor transmission through the film connected to a hydrophobic segment that anchors the amphiphilic modifier to a portion of the polyurethane base resin and a compatibilizer. The resultant non-porous, breathable and waterproof transparent plastic film has a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) or breathability of not less than 250 g/m.sup.2/24 hr according to ASTM E96B, and having at least 90% of the transmittance. They are also resistant to liquid penetration and micro-contaminants such as bacteria and virus, making them suitable for broad applications in medical, healthcare and food packaging industries.

The present invention provides a non-porous, breathable and waterproof transparent plastic film on a plastic substrate and methods for fabricating the same. The film includes a thermoplastic polyester resin, an amphiphilic modifier having a hydrophilic segment that acts as a channel for water vapor transmission through the film connected to a hydrophobic segment that anchors the amphiphilic modifier to a portion of the polyurethane base resin and a compatibilizer. The resultant non-porous, breathable and waterproof transparent plastic film has a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) or breathability of not less than 250 g/m.sup.2/24 hr according to ASTM E96B, and having at least 90% of the transmittance. They are also resistant to liquid penetration and micro-contaminants such as bacteria and virus, making them suitable for broad applications in medical, healthcare and food packaging industries.

A cured product of a resin composition according to the present invention includes at least silsesquioxane. When the average thermal expansion coefficient of the cured product at 30 to 200 C. is expressed as 1 [K.sup.1], at least one of requirements 1/210 and (12).sup.210.sup.80.4 is satisfied, where a reference value 2 is 35010.sup.6 [K.sup.1] or less. In the cured product, an absorbance derived from a siloxane bond, an absorbance derived from a hydrocarbon group, and an absorbance derived from a hydroxy group are respectively expressed as Ia, Ib, and Ic, the absorbances being determined by attenuated total reflection using a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer. In this case, requirements 0.09Ia/Ib3.0 and 0.04Ic/Ib1.0 are satisfied.

A cured product of a resin composition according to the present invention includes at least silsesquioxane. When the average thermal expansion coefficient of the cured product at 30 to 200 C. is expressed as 1 [K.sup.1], at least one of requirements 1/210 and (12).sup.210.sup.80.4 is satisfied, where a reference value 2 is 35010.sup.6 [K.sup.1] or less. In the cured product, an absorbance derived from a siloxane bond, an absorbance derived from a hydrocarbon group, and an absorbance derived from a hydroxy group are respectively expressed as Ia, Ib, and Ic, the absorbances being determined by attenuated total reflection using a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer. In this case, requirements 0.09Ia/Ib3.0 and 0.04Ic/Ib1.0 are satisfied.

Described herein are poloxamer compositions for use as a shear protectant in cell culture and methods for preparing and using such compositions.

This invention relates to a horticulture additive comprising: (1) a wetting agent, wherein the wetting agent is a multi-branched polymer comprising at least one of an oxygen-containing and a nitrogen-containing polyfunctional base compound having at least three branches attached thereto, and (2) a humectant. The horticulture additive is advantageous for increasing plant survival of plants treated therewith when exposed to reduced watering conditions.

This invention relates to a horticulture additive comprising: (1) a wetting agent, wherein the wetting agent is a multi-branched polymer comprising at least one of an oxygen-containing and a nitrogen-containing polyfunctional base compound having at least three branches attached thereto, and (2) a humectant. The horticulture additive is advantageous for increasing plant survival of plants treated therewith when exposed to reduced watering conditions.