Resins comprising nanoparticles formed from π-conjugated cross-linked polymers are disclosed, together with their methods of manufacture and their applications in light emitting devices.

A charge-transfer salt formed from a material comprising a repeat unit of formula (I) and an n-dopant: wherein BG is a backbone group of the repeat unit; R.sup.1 is a ionic substituent comprising at least one cationic or anionic group; n is at least 1; R.sup.2 is a non-ionic substituent; and m is 0 or a positive integer; the material further comprising a counterion balancing the charge of the cationic or anionic group.

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Disclosed is a biosensor. The biosensor comprises: an electrode; and a polymer structure disposed on the electrode and formed of poly-5,2′:5′,2″-terthiophene-3-carboxylic acid (pTTCA), wherein an enzyme is present in a state of covalently binding with pTTCA inside the polymer structure.

Disclosed are electrically conductive polymer compositions, and their use in organic electronic devices. The electrically conductive polymer compositions include an intrinsically electrically conductive polymer having Formula II: ##STR00001## where Q, R, R′, R″, m, n, and o are defined in the present disclosure.

The present invention generally relates to artificial photosystems and methods of their use, for example in artificial photosynthesis, wherein the artificial photosystems comprise one or more light-harvesting antenna (LHA) comprising a conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) complex (CPEC) comprising a donor CPE and an acceptor CPE, wherein the donor CPE and acceptor CPE are an electronic energy transfer (EET) donor/acceptor pair.

New polymers with that have polyesters grafted onto polynorbornene backbones have been synthesized. When these grafted polymers are combined with electrolyte salts, such polymer electrolytes have shown excellent electrochemical oxidation stability in lithium battery cells. Their stability along with their excellent ionic transport properties make these grafted polyesters especially suitable as electrolytes in high energy density lithium battery cells.

There is provided a bioactive synthetic copolymer with a poly(norbornene) backbone comprising one or more repeating units represented by general formula (I) and one or more repeating units represented by general formula (II). Also provided are a bioactive macromolecule, a material comprising said bioactive synthetic copolymer, a method of preparing said bioactive synthetic copolymer and a method of preparing said bioactive macromolecule.

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Certain embodiments are directed to the use of amide coupling chemistry to covalently link five different biofunctional groups onto an anionic water soluble poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) polymer. Two of the biofunctionalized PPEs are used in prototype applications, including pH sensing and flow cytometry labeling.

Various photocrosslinkable electrochromic polymers are disclosed. The polymers are suitable for an electrochromic layer of an electrochromic device. The polymers are formed with a two-step synthesis method that includes forming a polymer precursor with one or more chromophore blocks, and mixing the polymer precursor with photocrosslinkable monomer units to form the polymer.

The present application can provide a preparation method capable of preparing a desired polymer or conductive polymer film with excellent polymerization efficiency and conversion rates without consumption or modulation in the polymerization process, and a polymer and a conductive polymer film formed by the method. The present application can provide a method for preparing a polymer or a conductive polymer film having a desired level of transparency and conductivity, wherein desired physical properties such as solubility in a solvent or resistance to a solvent are effectively imparted thereto as necessary, and a polymer and a conductive polymer film formed by the method.