A light-emitting composition comprising: a light-emitting group and a polymer comprising: a repeat unit of formula Ar.sup.1 wherein Ar.sup.1 is an arylene repeat unit which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents; and a repeat unit of formula (I): (I) wherein Ar.sup.2 and Ar.sup.3 each independently represent a C.sub.6-20 arylene group or a 5-20 membered heteroarylene group which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents and CB represents a conjugation-breaking group which does not provide a conjugation path between Ar.sup.2 and Ar.sup.3; wherein the polymer has a solubility in water or a C.sub.1-8 alcohol at 20° C. of at least 0.1 mg/ml. The composition may be a light-emitting polymer in which the polymer contains the light-emitting group. The light-emitting composition may be part of a particle containing the polymer and a matrix material, e.g. silica. The light-emitting composition may be used in an assay for detection of a target analyte.

Free-standing non-fouling polymers and polymeric compositions, monomers and macromonomers for making the polymers and polymeric compositions, objects made from the polymers and polymeric compositions, and methods for making and using the polymers and polymeric compositions.

The present disclosure provides, in some aspects, macromonomers of Formula (I), and salts thereof; methods of preparing the macromonomers, and salts thereof; Brush prodrugs (polymers); methods of preparing the Brush prodrugs; compounds of Formula (II); conjugates of Formula (III), and salts thereof; pharmaceutical compositions comprising a Brush prodrug, or a conjugate or a salt thereof; kits comprising: a macromonomer or a salt thereof, a Brush prodrug, a compound, a conjugate or a salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition; methods of using the Brush prodrugs, or conjugates or salts thereof; and uses of the Brush prodrugs, and conjugates or salts thereof. These chemical entities may be useful in delivering pharmaceutical agents to a subject or cell.

The present invention provides, among other aspects, stabilized chromophoric nanoparticles. In certain embodiments, the chromophoric nanoparticles provided herein are rationally functionalized with a pre-determined number of functional groups. In certain embodiments, the stable chromophoric nanoparticles provided herein are modified with a low density of functional groups. In yet other embodiments, the chromophoric nanoparticles provided herein are conjugated to one or more molecules. Also provided herein are methods for making rationally functionalized chromophoric nanoparticles.

A light emitting device having excellent luminance life contains an anode, a cathode, a first organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode and a second organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The first organic layer contains a compound represented by the formula (C-1), and the second organic layer contains a compound represented by the formula (C-1) and a cross-linked body of a crosslinkable material. ##STR00001##
Ring R.sup.1C and Ring R.sup.2C represent an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic hetero ring and R.sup.C represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a group represented by the formula (C′-1). ##STR00002##
Ring R.sup.3C and Ring R.sup.4C represent an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic hetero ring and R.sup.C′ represents a carbon atom, a silicon atom, a germanium atom, a tin atom or a lead atom.

A resist composition including a compound (D0) represented by general formula (d0) and a resin component (A1) has a structural unit (a0) in which a compound represented by general formula (a0-1) has a polymerizable group within the W.sup.1 portion converted into a main chain (in formula (d0), Rd.sup.01 represents a fluorine atom or a fluorinated alkyl group; In formula (a0-1), W.sup.1 represents a polymerizable group-containing group; C.sup.t represents a tertiary carbon atom, and the α-position of C.sup.t is a carbon atom which constitutes a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond; R.sup.11 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group; or a chain hydrocarbon group; R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 each independently represents a chain hydrocarbon group, or R.sup.12 and R.sup.13 are mutually bonded to form a cyclic group). ##STR00001##

An interpenetrating network (IPN) polymer membrane material includes a soft polyurethane interspersed with a crosslinked conducting polymer. The material can be reversibly “switched” between its oxidized and reduced states by the application of a small voltage, ˜1 to 4 volts, thus modulating its diffusivity.

The present disclosure relates to multi-functional anti-microbial polymers comprising a first monomer having a polymerizable cyclic aromatic moiety which forms part of the backbone of the polymer and a second monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a double or triple bond and a quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium moiety.

A material comprising an electron-accepting unit of formula (I): wherein Ar1 and Ar2 independently is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or is absent; and each X is independently H or a substituent with the proviso that at least one X is an electron-withdrawing group and wherein X groups bound to adjacent carbon atoms may be linked to form an electron-withdrawing group. The material further comprises an electron-donating unit D comprising a fused or unfused furan or thiophene. The material may be a polymer comprising repeat units of formula (I). The material may be a non-polymeric compound. An organic photodetector may contain a bulk heterojunction layer containing an electron acceptor or an electron donor wherein at least one of the electron acceptor and electron donor contains a unit of formula (I).

##STR00001##

A polymer comprising

##STR00001##

In this polymer, R, R′, and R″ are independently selected from the group consisting of: H, Cl, F, CN, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, ester, ketone and aryl groups. Additionally, in this polymer X and X′ are independently selected from aryl groups. Finally, m independently ranges from 1 to 100 and n independently ranges from 0 to 99