A polymer material includes a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1

XY Chemical Formula 1

wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, X and Y are as defined herein.

A single liquid phase formulation useful for producing an organic charge transporting film. The formulation contains: (a) a polymer resin having M.sub.w at least 3,000 and having arylmethoxy linkages; (b) an acid catalyst which is an organic Bronsted acid with pKa4; a Lewis acid comprising a positive aromatic ion and an anion which is (i) a tetraaryl borate having the formula (I) wherein R represents zero to five non-hydrogen substituents selected from D, F and CF.sub.3, (ii) BF.sub.4.sup., (iii) PF.sub.6.sup., (iv) SbF.sub.6.sup., (v) AsF.sub.6.sup. or (vi) ClO.sub.4.sup.; or a thermal acid generator.

##STR00001##

The invention discloses a block copolymer intrinsic stretchable electroluminescent elastomer and its preparation method and application. This type of elastomer is made from organic electroluminescent monomers, styrene and 1,3-butadiene through anionic polymerization. The innovation of the present invention is: for the first time, the organic electroluminescence unit is introduced into the elastomer by chemical crosslinking. On the basis of improving the intrinsic stretchability of the elastomer, at the same time, it has characteristics of excellent luminescence and high carrier mobility, novel structure and unique design strategy; meanwhile, it also solves the inherent non-stretchability problem of traditional organic optoelectronic materials and the problem that traditional elastomers do not have electroluminescent properties. This type of elastomer is used as a light-emitting layer material to prepare organic electroluminescent devices with high stability, high stretchability and high efficiency.

A copolymer including a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1

##STR00001##

wherein the copolymer is capable of improving luminous efficiency and durability, particularly, an improvement in luminescence life-span, of an electroluminescence device, particularly a quantum dot electroluminescence device.

The present invention relates to a polymeric charge transfer layer comprising a polymer and a p-dopant. The polymer comprises as polymerized units, Monomer A, Monomer B, and Monomer C crosslinking agent. The present invention further relates to an organic electronic device, especially an organic light emitting device containing the polymeric charge transfer layer.

The 9,9-spirobifluorene-based compounds and mixtures including 9,9-spirobifluorene compounds with crosslinkable functional groups and compounds with two or more thiol groups, can stabilize one or more underlying layers of the hole transporting layer and/or interlayer during liquid fabrication process of optoelectronic and/or photoelectrochemical devices. More particularly, the compounds are hole transport materials that include crosslinkable functional groups covalently bonded to 9,9-spirobifluorene hole transporting structure and mixtures including hole transporting crosslinkable 9,9-spirobifluorene and thiol derivatives, which may crosslink, such as by exposure to UV, visible light, and/or heat. Photovoltaic devices may employ these compounds and mixtures in crosslinked forms.

A polymer comprising at least one first repeating unit represented by Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein, in Formula 1, groups and variables are the same as they are described in the specification.

A polymer compound including a repeating unit represented by Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein, in Formula 1, groups and variables are the same as described in the specification.

Provided is a high-molecular compound having a structural unit (A) and a structural unit (B) differing from each other, wherein the structural unit (A) is represented by the following general formula (A-1) and the structural unit (B) has a structure containing an arylene group or a heteroarylene group. The high-molecular compound can produce an organic EL device having a long lifetime, and is favorable as a forming material for organic EL devices. [In the formula, Ar.sup.A represents a linking group having a fluorene skeleton, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 each are a predetermined group, at least one of Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 is a monovalent organic group represented by the following general formula (a). (In the formula, X represents a divalent group selected from O, S, N(R.sup.x), etc., R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent a substituent, p is an integer of 0 to 3, q is an integer of 0 to 4, and * indicates a bonding position to L.sup.1 or L.sup.2.)]

Provided are: an organic electronic material which can be easily multilayered and that can be used in substrates, such as resin, that cannot be processed at high temperatures; an ink composition containing the same; an organic thin film formed using said organic electronic material or said ink composition; and an organic electronic element and an organic EL element that are formed using said organic thin film and that have a superior luminous efficacy and emission lifespan than conventional elements. Specifically, provided are: an organic electronic material that is characterized by containing an oligomer or a polymer having a structure that branches into three or more directions and has at least one polymerizable substituent; an ink composition containing said organic electronic material; and an organic thin film prepared using the aforementioned organic electronic material. Further, provided are an organic electronic element and an organic electroluminescent element containing said organic thin film.