The present application can provide a preparation method that can effectively produce a polymer having desired molecular weight characteristics and solubility in a solvent, and having a monomer composition, which is designed freely and variously according to the purpose, without unnecessary components with excellent polymerization efficiency and conversion rates, and a dispersion comprising the polymer formed by the preparation method.

A solid electrolytic capacitor containing a capacitor element is provided. The capacitor element contains an anode body, a dielectric that overlies the anode body, a pre-coat that overlies the dielectric and that is formed from an organometallic compound, and a solid electrolyte that overlies the dielectric. The solid electrolyte includes an intrinsically conductive polymer containing repeating thiophene units of a certain formula.

A material comprising a group of formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein: X and Y are each independently selected from S, O or Se; Z is O, S, NR.sup.2 or CR.sup.3.sub.2
Ar.sup.1, A.sup.re, Ar.sup.3 and Ar.sup.4 are each independently an unsubstituted or a substituted benzene, an unsubstituted or a substituted 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic group or are absent;
A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are each independently an unsubstituted or a substituted benzene, an unsubstituted or a substituted 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic group, a non-aromatic 6-membered ring having ring atoms selected from C, N, S and O or are absent; R.sup.1 is H or a substituent; R.sup.2 is H or a substituent;
each R.sup.3 is independently H or a substituent; and * represents a point of attachment to a hydrogen or non-hydrogen group. The material may be used as an electron donor or an electron acceptor in an organic photoresponsive device.

Nano-patterned devices for triggered intracellular delivery of active materials are disclosed. The device may comprise a nano-sized polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) comprising at least one layer of an electroactive polyelectrolyte polymer, where the PEM is configured to hold or receive an active material to be disposed within the multilayer and to release the active material under an electric field.

In an embodiment, a composition is provided that includes an indenofluorene moiety; an alkyl radical, an aryl radical, or a heteroaryl radical chemically bound to the indenofluorene moiety; and an electron donor moiety bound to the indenofluorene moiety. In another embodiment, a device is provided that includes compositions described herein. In another embodiment, a method of forming a donor-acceptor small molecule or a donor-acceptor copolymer is provided that includes forming an indenofluorene moiety; forming an electron donor moiety; and reacting the indenofluorene moiety with the electron donor moiety in a cross-coupling reaction.

A thermally stable and solvent resistant conductive polymer composite and its manufacturing friendly preparation method are disclosed. The disclosed composite presents great electrical conductivity with thermal stability and solvent resistance. A method of mixing a host conjugated polymer and a crosslinkable silane precursor simultaneously introduces both dopant and rigid cross-linked siloxane network into polymer system. The thin film made by the disclosed thermally stable and solvent resistant conductive polymer composite can be applied to fabricate various devices.

A polymer comprising a repeating structure of formula (I): -D-X.sup.1-A-X.sup.2-. D is a conjugated electron-donating group of formula (II); A is a conjugated electron-accepting group; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are each independently a conjugated bridge group selected from phenylene, thiophene, furan, thienothiophene, furofuran, thienofuran, thiazole, oxazole, alkene, alkyne and imine, each of which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents. The polymer has a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level as measured by square wave voltammetry of no more than 5.30 eV from vacuum level. The polymer may be used as an electron donor in an organic photodetector.

##STR00001##

A method for fabricating an absorbent article on which a conductive paste with good conductivity and adhesion is printed or coated and which is capable of receiving excretions discharged from a user's body is proposed. The method can include: a PEDOT dispersion polymerization step in which a 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer is polymerized using a dispersion polymerization method to produce poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanoparticles; a step in which, after polymerization of the PEDOT nanoparticles is completed, residual dispersion stabilizer and oxidizer are removed and the PEDOT nanoparticles are recovered; a step in which the recovered PEDOT nanoparticles are produced into a conductive paste; and a step in which the conductive paste based on the PEDOT nanoparticles is printed or coated.

This disclosure relates generally to electrochromic polymers that include a plurality of -conjugated chromophores in spaced relation with one another, and a plurality of conjugation-break spacers (CBSs), where at least one CBS separates adjacent chromophores. The chromophores may be colored in the neutral state, and multicolored to transmissive in different oxidization states.

Disclosed is a polymer material capable of improving luminescence life-span of an electroluminescence device, particularly a quantum dot light emitting device, wherein the polymer material includes a segment of an alternating copolymer of a structural unit of a specific structure and has a glass transition temperature of greater than or equal to about 50 C. and less than or equal to about 250 C.