A process includes providing furan-2,5-dicarboxylic dimethyl ester (FDME), reacting the FDME with a Grignard reagent to form a bis-alkylketone furan having R groups selected from the group consisting of a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 linear alkyl chain, a C.sub.2-C.sub.24 branched alkyl chain, and a hydrogen atom. An additional process includes mixing a 3,4-dibrominated bis-alkylketone furan with potassium carbonate, and adding ethyl-mercaptoacetate to the mixture. This process also includes stirring the mixture to form a bis-alkyl-DTF diester fused ring structure, which is then brominated to form a dibromo-DTF compound.

A solid electrolytic capacitor containing a capacitor element is provided. The capacitor element contains a sintered porous anode body, a dielectric that overlies the anode body, and a solid electrolyte that overlies the dielectric. An anode lead extends from the front surface of the capacitor element in the longitudinal direction. An anode termination is in contact with the anode lead at a connection region, wherein the ratio of the distance between the connection region and the front surface of the capacitor element to the length of the capacitor is 0.13 or more. A cathode termination is in electrical connection with the solid electrolyte and a casing material encapsulates the capacitor element and anode lead. Further, an interfacial coating that is disposed on at least a portion of the anode termination and/or cathode termination and is in contact with the casing material.

The present invention relates to nanoparticle compositions and, in particular, to composite polymeric nanoparticle compositions. A composite nanoparticle described herein comprises a photoluminescent polymeric component and a photo-thermal polymeric component. The photoluminescent polymeric component and the photo-thermal polymeric component can each comprise a single polymeric species or multiple polymeric species.

A material comprising an electron-accepting unit of formula (I): Ar is an aromatic ring; Ar.sup.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing N and C ring atoms; when Ar.sup.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted 6-membered heteroaromatic ring, Ar.sup.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted 6-membered heteroaromatic ring wherein the ring atoms are selected from N and C; when Ar.sup.1 is a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring, Ar.sup.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring; Ar.sup.3 is a 5-membered ring or a substituted or unsubstituted 6-membered ring; Ar.sup.4 is a 5-membered ring or a substituted or unsubstituted 6-membered ring or is absent; Ar.sup.5 is a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic group containing at least one aromatic or heteroaromatic ring; Ar.sup.6 is a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic group containing at least one aromatic or heteroaromatic ring or is absent; and each X is independently a substituent bound to a C atom of Ar.sup.3, and where present Ar.sup.4, with the proviso that at least one X is an electron withdrawing group; and wherein the material further comprises an electron-donating unit.

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The present application can provide a preparation method that can effectively produce a polymer having desired molecular weight characteristics and solubility in a solvent, and having a monomer composition, which is designed freely and variously according to the purpose, without unnecessary components with excellent polymerization efficiency and conversion rates, and a dispersion comprising the polymer formed by the preparation method.

An organic semiconducting compound and an organic photoelectric component containing the same are provided. The organic semiconducting compound has a novel chemical structure to make the organic semiconducting compound have good response to the infrared light. The organic semiconducting compound can be applied to the organic photoelectric components such as organic photodetector (OPD), organic photovoltaic (OPV) cell, and organic field-effect transistor (OFET). Thus, the organic photoelectric components have better light absorption range and photoelectric response while in use.

A semiconductor mixed material comprises an electron donor, a first electron acceptor and a second electron acceptor. The first electron donor is a conjugated polymer. The energy gap of the first electron acceptor is less than 1.4 eV. At least one of the molecular stackability, ?-?*stackability, and crystallinity of the second electron acceptor is smaller than the first electron acceptor. The electron donor system is configured to be a matrix to blend the first electron acceptor and the second electron acceptor. The present invention also provides an organic electronic device including the semiconductor mixed material.

An organic polymer having an asymmetric structure, a preparation method thereof and a use as a photoelectric material thereof, where the organic polymer with an asymmetric structure is obtained by polymerization after performing Stille coupling reaction between an electron-donating unit D and an electron-withdrawing unit A in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst. The compound of the present application has good heat stability, controllable absorption level, and is suitable for the preparation of hole transport materials of high-performance perovskite solar cells with high efficiency, flexibility, good stability and a large area as well as donor materials of organic solar cells.

A liquid composition. The liquid composition comprises

(i) particles comprising a complex of a polythiophene and a polyanion,
(ii) at least one tetraalkyl orthosilicate,
(iii) at least one solvent, and
(iv) gallic acid, at least one derivative of gallic acid or a mixture thereof.

Also provided are a process for the preparation of a liquid composition, a liquid composition obtainable by such a process, a process for the preparation of a layered body, the layered body obtainable by such a process, a layered body and the use of a liquid composition.

A method for producing a PEDOT film on a substrate comprising a substrate and at least one PEDOT layer on a surface of the substrate is disclosed. The method comprises applying a solution comprising an oxidant and a base inhibitor on a surface of the substrate; subjecting the oxidant-coated substrate to a polymerization step by exposing the surface(s) of the oxidant-coated substrate to EDOT monomer vapour at a polymerization temperature; and wherein, during the polymerization step, the temperature of the oxidant-coated substrate is kept at a controlled substrate temperature and wherein the controlled substrate temperature is 2-40? C. lower than the polymerization temperature. Further is disclosed a conducting PEDOT film, an electronic device comprising the conducting PEDOT film and different uses of the conducting PEDOT film. Further, is disclosed a method for producing a polymer film formed of a copolymer, a conducting polymer film, an electronic device comprising the conducting polymer film and different uses of the conducting polymer film.