A thermoluminescence sensor includes a thermo-responsive polymer composition, and a sealed transparent container that holds the thermo-responsive polymer composition. The thermo-responsive polymer composition contains a curcumin oil, and a cyano derivative of poly(phenylenevinylene) of formula (I). ##STR00001##

Provided are an organic semiconductor element including an organic semiconductor film that includes a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following Formula (1), the polymer, and an organic semiconductor composition and an organic semiconductor film including the polymer.

##STR00001##

In the formula, Z represent a 5-membered aromatic heterocycle. R.sup.C1 and R.sup.C2 each independently represent a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, or an aromatic heterocyclic group. n.sup.1 and n.sup.2 each independently represent 0 or 1. R.sup.C3 to R.sup.C10 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, or an aromatic heterocyclic group.

An oligomer, composition, and composite material employing the same are provided. The oligomer can be a reaction product of a reactant (a) and a reactant (b). The reactant (a) is a reaction product of a reactant (c) and a reactant (d). The reactant (b) can be ##STR00001##
or a combination thereof, wherein a is 0 or 1, and R.sup.1 is independently hydrogen or ##STR00002##
and wherein b is 0-6; c is 0 or 1; and, d is 0-6. The reactant (c) is ##STR00003##
wherein R.sup.2 is C.sub.5-10 alkyl group. The reactant (d) is ##STR00004##
wherein e is 0-10.

There is provided an organic semiconductor composition containing the following (a) to (c), a method of manufacturing an organic thin film transistor using this composition, and an organic thin film transistor including (a) and (b) in an organic semiconductor layer: (a) an organic semiconductor polymer having a specific molecular weight and a specific structure; (b) an insulating polymer having a specific molecular weight; and (c) a solvent, in which a weight-average molecular weight Mw1 of the organic semiconductor polymer and a weight-average molecular weight Mw2 of the insulating polymer satisfy a relational expression below, and

0.1Mw1/Mw210

a content C1 mass % of the organic semiconductor polymer and a content C2 mass % of the insulating polymer in the organic semiconductor composition satisfy a relational expression below.

0.1C1/C210

The invention provides novel hydrophilic conjugated polymers, e.g., hydrophilic poly(arylene vinylenes) or PAVs, and preparation thereof, and methods and devices for their application in photovoltaics, and the resulting improved solar cells.

A polymer includes a first repeating unit and a second repeating unit forming a main chain, the first repeating unit including at least one first conjugated system, and the second repeating unit including at least one second conjugated system and a multiple hydrogen bonding moiety represented by Chemical Formula 1.

The present invention relates to a diketopyrrolopyrrole polymer, which is an organic semiconductor compound for an organic electronic device, and a use thereof. The diketopyrrolopyrrole polymer according to the present invention is a novel organic semiconductor compound having high -electron stacking by introducing an electron donor compound, and an organic electronic device employing the same has excellent charge mobility and on/off ratio.

The present disclosure relates to multi-functional anti-microbial polymers comprising a first monomer having a polymerizable cyclic aromatic moiety which forms part of the backbone of the polymer and a second monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a double or triple bond and a quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium moiety.

This disclosure relates generally to electrochromic polymers that include a plurality of -conjugated chromophores in spaced relation with one another, and a plurality of conjugation-break spacers (CBSs), where at least one CBS separates adjacent chromophores. The chromophores may be colored in the neutral state, and multicolored to transmissive in different oxidization states.

A photoimageable composition for preparing a polymeric binder having of one or more of monomer unit copolymers, a photoactive compound, and one or more organometallic compounds is provided. The copolymers include one or more hydroxyl or carboxyl functional groups that react with the organometallic compound to form a crosslinked network upon curing. The photoimageable compositions may be particularly useful in forming a pixel-defining layer of an electronic device. such as an organic light emitting diode. In particular, photoimageable compositions in accordance with embodiments of the present invention are insoluble in the developer prior to exposure to radiation, soluble in the developer following radiation exposure, and have relatively high glass transition temperatures (T.sub.g) making them useful in forming a pixel-defining layer.