A polymeric light emitting substance having a polystyrene reduced number-average molecular weight of from 10.sup.3 to 10.sup.8 wherein this light emitting substance has in the main chain or side chain a metal complex structure showing light emission from the triplet excited state, and the substance can form a light emitting layer by industrially simple application methods such as a spin coat method, inkjet method, printing method and the like.

A light-emitting composition comprising a mixture of a fluorescent light-emitting material a triplet-accepting copolymer comprising a triplet-accepting repeat unit and a repeat unit of formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein A is a divalent group; R.sup.1 independently in each occurrence is a substituent; R.sup.2 in each occurrence is H or a substituent; and x independently in each occurrence is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

A polymer including at least one first repeating unit represented by Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein, in Formula 1, groups and variables are the same as described in the specification.

An organic metal complex as shown by general formula (I) or (II), wherein the ring containing Ar.sup.1 is preferably a N-hetero six-membered aromatic ring, and a polymer, a mixture, a composition and an organic electronic device comprising the complex and a use thereof. The organic electronic device, particularly an organic light emitting diode, and the use thereof in display and illumination technologies. By optimizing the device structure and changing the concentration of the metal complex in a matrix, the best performances of the device can be attained, an OLED device with a high efficiency, high luminance and high stability is achieved, and a relatively good material option is provided for full-colour display and illumination applications.

A method of forming a polymer comprising a conjugated backbone and side-groups pendant from the conjugated backbone wherein the method comprises the steps of: polymerizing one or more monomers to form a precursor polymer comprising the conjugated backbone and precursor groups pendant from the conjugated backbone, and subsequently converting the precursor groups to the side-groups.

There is provided a compound having Formula I

##STR00001##

In Formula I: Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are the same or different and are aryl, heteroaryl, or deuterated analogs thereof; L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are the same or different and are H, D, halogen, aryl, arylamino, crosslinkable groups, deuterated aryl, deuterated arylamino, or deuterated crosslinkable groups; R.sup.1-R.sup.4 are the same or different at each occurrence and are D, F, CN, hydrocarbon aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy, fluoroaryl, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, alkoxy, fluoroalkoxy, amino, silyl, siloxane, siloxy, germyl, deuterated hydrocarbon aryl, deuterated heteroaryl, deuterated aryloxy, deuterated fluoroaryl, deuterated alkyl, deuterated fluoroalkyl, deuterated alkoxy, deuterated fluoroalkoxy, deuterated amino, deuterated silyl, deuterated siloxane, deuterated siloxy, or deuterated germyl, wherein adjacent groups selected from R.sup.1-R.sup.4 can be joined together to form a fused ring; a is 0 or 1; b is 0 or 1; x and x1 are the same or different and are an integer from 0-5; y and y1 are the same or different and are an integer from 0-4; n is an integer greater than 0, with the proviso that when n=1, L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are selected from Cl, Br, crosslinkable groups and deuterated crosslinkable groups; and BzF is benzofluorene.

A polymer compound is provided having constitutional units of formula (1) and formula (2), and a constitutional unit of formula (3) and/or (4): ##STR00001##
wherein Ar.sup.1 to Ar.sup.4, Ar.sup.20, Ar.sup.30 and Ar.sup.40 represent arylene groups or the like; Ar.sup.5 to Ar.sup.7 represent aryl groups or the like; Ar.sup.8 represents (2+p)-valent aromatic hydrocarbon group or the like; Ar.sup.10 represents (2+n)-valent aromatic hydrocarbon group or the like; R.sup.1 represents alkyl group or the like; L.sup.a, L.sup.b, L.sup.g and L.sup.h represent alkylene groups or the like; L.sup.A and L.sup.D represent oxygen atoms or the like; Q.sup.1 represents monovalent crosslinkable group; Q.sup.2 to Q.sup.4 represent monovalent crosslinkable groups or the like; x, y, c, nA and nD represent 0 or 1; p represents integer of 1 or greater; na and ng represent integer of 0 to 3; nb and nh represent integer of 0 to 12; and n represents integer of 1 to 4.

A light-emitting polymer comprising a light-emitting repeat unit in a backbone of the polymer, wherein the polymer has an anisotropy of no more than 0.8 and wherein a transition dipole moment of the light-emitting repeat unit is aligned with the polymer backbone.

A co-polymer comprising a repeat unit of formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2 and Ar.sup.3 each independently represent an aryl or heteroaryl group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents, the copolymer further comprising a conjugation-breaking repeat unit that does not provide any conjugation path between repeat units adjacent to the conjugation-breaking repeat unit. The copolymer may be used as a host material of a phosphorescent material in a light-emitting layer of an organic light-emitting device.

A method of producing a light emitting device which exhibits excellent light emission efficiency is provided. The light emitting device contains an anode, a cathode, a light emitting layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, and an encapsulating layer, and the method involves forming the light emitting layer by an application method using an iridium complex having an iridium atom as the central metal, forming the anode or the cathode, and forming the encapsulating layer. For the whole process, from initiation of the formation of the light emitting layer to completion of the formation of the encapsulating layer, during which the light emitting device in production is exposed to ozone, the average value of the ozone concentration: A ppb and the time interval: B min satisfy the formula: 0AB1000.