A polymer film comprising anionic groups and 0.008 to 25 mg/g of each of components (a) and (b): (a) a crosslinking agent which is free from fluoro groups and comprises a group of Formula (I); and (b) a non-ionic crosslinking agent; Formula (I) wherein M.sup.+ is a cation and * indicates the attachment points to other elements of the crosslinking agent.

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The invention provides methods for preparing a polymer-grafted and functionalized nonwoven membrane adapted for use in separation processes. The invention further provides so-formed membranes as well as improved separation methods utilizing the membranes. The polymer-grafted and functionalized nonwoven membranes are particularly formed utilizing thermal grafting. In particular, an acrylate or methacrylate polymer can be grafted onto a nonwoven web comprising a plurality of polymeric fibers to form a plurality of polymer segments covalently attached to the polymeric fibers. Thermal grafting particularly can comprise using a thermal initiator and exposing the nonwoven web to heat to initiate polymerization of the acrylate or methacrylate monomer. The grafted polymeric fibers can be functionalized to attach at least one functional group adapted for binding to a target molecule to the polymer segments of the grafted polymeric fibers.

The present application relates to a composite electrolyte membrane and a method for manufacturing the same. The composite electrolyte membrane according to the present application includes: a poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer including the repeating unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and the repeating unit represented by Chemical Formula 2; and a core-shell particle including an inorganic particle core and a basic organic polymer shell.

An ion exchange membrane includes: a cation exchange resin material; and a macromolecular material that has an acidic functional group and is mixed in the cation exchange resin material.

A non crosslinked, covalently crosslinked and/or ionically crosslinked polymer, having repeating units of the general formula (1)
KR(1)
In which K is a bond, oxygen, sulfur, ##STR00001##
the radical R is a divalent radical of an aromatic or heteroaromatic compound.

An anion exchange membrane includes an anion exchange resin layer 3 reinforced with a backing material sheet 5. The anion exchange resin layer 3 includes an anion exchange resin that has as an anion exchange group a pyridinium group formed by protonation of a pyridyl group, and a vinyl chloride resin as a thickener. The backing material sheet 5 is made of a polyethylene woven fabric.

A bipolar membrane in which a cation-exchange membrane and an anion-exchange membrane are joined to each other, wherein a leakage ratio of gluconic acid at 60 C. is not more than 1.0%, and the cation-exchange membrane is supported by a polyolefin reinforcing member and, further, contains a polyvinyl chloride.

To make membranes, a plurality of membrane substrates are each wetted with a curable liquid mixture, arranged in a stack such that every pair of substrates are separated by at least one film, and moved simultaneously through a common curing region. Each wetted substrate sheet may be sandwiched between two films. After curing, the stack comprises two or more membranes with each pair of membranes separated by a film. An apparatus for making membranes comprises at least two substrate feeding devices, at least one film feeding device, one or more chemical wetting devices, a curing region, optionally, a stack separating region, and, optionally, a membrane binding or fusing region. Membrane production rate may be increased while the curing energy required per unit area of membrane is decreased. The method can make, for example, ion exchange membranes.

The invention relates to porous polymeric cellulose prepared via cellulose crosslinking. The porous polymeric cellulose can be incorporated into membranes and/or hydrogels. In preferred embodiments, the membranes and/or hydrogels can provide high dynamic binding capacity at high flow rates. Membranes and/or hydrogels comprising the porous polymeric cellulose are particularly suitable for filtration, separation, and/or functionalization media.

A method for manufacturing an ion exchange membrane is provided. The method for manufacturing an ion exchange membrane, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises the step of electrospinning a support fiber producing solution and an ion exchange fiber producing solution respectively to prepare a laminate in which a support fiber mat consisting of a support fiber and an ion exchange fiber mat consisting of an ion exchange fiber are alternatively laminated. According to the present invention, it is possible to simply control factors, such as the thickness, electroconductivity and mechanical strength of the membrane, and the diameter/ratio of a pore, etc. to be suitable for the use of ion exchange membrane during the manufacturing process, to simplify the manufacturing process. As such, the ion exchange membrane manufactured by the method can be utilized as a universal ion exchange membrane which has a large ion exchange capacity, a small electrical resistance, and a small diffusion coefficient as well as excellent mechanical strength and durability.