In an embodiment, a composition comprises a poly(ester-carbonate-siloxane) copolymer; a nanosilica; a plurality of polysiloxane particles; and a fluoropolymer. The nanosilica can be present in an amount of 1 to 5 wt % based on a total weight of the composition. The nanosilica can have a D.sub.50 particle size by volume of 5 to 50 nanometers. The nanosilica can have a hydrophobic coating. The plurality of polysiloxane particles can be present in an amount of 1 to 10 wt % based on a total weight of the composition. The plurality of polysiloxane particles can have a D.sub.50 particle size by volume of 0.1 to 10 micrometers. The fluoropolymer can be present in an amount of 0.005 to 5 wt % based on a total weight of the composition.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a three-dimensional ordered porous microstructure. In the method of the invention where the three-dimensional ordered microstructure is produced using the colloidal crystal templating process, the three-dimensional ordered microstructure thus formed is subjected to heat treatment to soften the particles, so as to effectively increase the contact between orderly arranged particles while removing the solvent used to suspend the particles. The present invention further relates to a monolithic column produced thereby. Compared to the monolithic columns produced by conventional methods, the monolithic column according to the invention is characterized in having a higher aspect ratio and a higher pore regularity, while the connecting pores in the column are relatively large in pore size.

Polymer particles excellent in uniform dispersibility and the use thereof are provided. The polymer particles contain a surfactant, and have a coefficient of variation in the volume-based particle diameter distribution in the range from not less than 13.0% to not more than 25.0%. When 15.0 g of water is added to 5.0 g of the polymer particles so as to disperse the polymer particles in the water by performing a dispersion treatment for 60 minutes using an ultrasonic cleaner, and furthermore when an obtained dispersion liquid is put into a centrifuge tube with an inside diameter of 24 mm so as to be centrifuged, by a centrifugal separator, under conditions that K factor is 6943 and a rotating time is 30 minutes to recover a supernatant, a concentration of non-volatile components in the obtained supernatant is less than 3.5 wt. %.

The present invention relates to a pigment water dispersion containing a pigment, a crosslinked polymer and water, in which the crosslinked polymer is prepared by crosslinking a carboxy group-containing polymer with a crosslinking agent, and has an acid value of not less than 70 mgKOH/g and not more than 300 mgKOH/g; and the pigment water dispersion further contains a formaldehyde-releasing compound. The pigment water dispersion of the present invention is excellent in storage stability even when being stored under high-temperature conditions for a long period of time.

Manufacturing method includes forming photoresist layer including photoresist composition over substrate. Photoresist composition includes: photoactive compound, polymer, crosslinker. The polymer structure

##STR00001##

A1, A2, A3 independently C1-C30 aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxylalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyl alkyl, acetyl, acetylalkyl, carboxyl, alky carboxyl, cycloalkyl carboxyl, hydrocarbon ring, heterocyclic, chain, ring, 3-D structure; R1 is C4-C15 chain, cyclic, 3-D structure alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxylalkyl, alkoxy, or alkoxyl alkyl; proportion of x, y, and z in polymer is 0≤x/(x+y+z)≤1, 0≤y/(x+y+z)≤1, and 0≤z/(x+y+z)≤1, x, y, and z all not 0 for same polymer. Crosslinker is monomer, oligomer, polymer including structures —B1-OH, —B2-ORa, —B3-NH.sub.2 —B4-NR.sub.2,

##STR00002##

B1, B2, B3, B4, and D each independently C1-C30 aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxylalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyl alkyl, acetyl, acetylalkyl, carboxyl, alky carboxyl, cycloalkyl carboxyl, hydrocarbon ring, heterocyclic group, chain, ring, 3-D structure; R2 and Ra are C4-C15 chain, cyclic, 3-D structure alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxylalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyl alkyl.

An aerogel is provided. According to the inventive concept, the aerogel includes a first polymerization unit derived from a first monomer including an alkoxy silyl group; a second polymerization unit derived from a second monomer; and an inorganic aerogel which is chemically bonded to the first polymerization unit.

Aqueous binder formulation comprising a copolymer having a glass transition temperature 80 C., a polyol compound and a phosphorus compound.

In an embodiment, a composition comprises a poly(ester-carbonate-siloxane) copolymer; a nanosilica; a plurality of polysiloxane particles; and a fluoropolymer. The nanosilica can be present in an amount of 1 to 5 wt % based on a total weight of the composition. The nanosilica can have a D.sub.50 particle size by volume of 5 to 50 nanometers. The nanosilica can have a hydrophobic coating. The plurality of polysiloxane particles can be present in an amount of 1 to 10 wt % based on a total weight of the composition. The plurality of polysiloxane particles can have a D.sub.50 particle size by volume of 0.1 to 10 micrometers. The fluoropolymer can be present in an amount of 0.005 to 5 wt % based on a total weight of the composition.

A method of synthesizing cyclohexanone can include oxidation of cyclohexane to produce a mixture including cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol, and cyclohexane, and separating cyclohexanone from the mixture using a pervaporation method. The pervaporation method includes contacting the mixture with a first side of a poly(styrene-maleic anhydride-dihydropyrane) membrane and receiving the cyclohexanone from a second side of the poly(styrene-maleic anhydride-dihydropyrane) membrane as a low-pressure vapor. The method can be performed in a pervaporation unit including a reactant portion for receiving the cyclohexane, a permeate portion for receiving the cyclohexanone, and a poly(styrene-maleic anhydride-dihydropyrane) membrane separating the reactant portion from the permeate portion.

The invention discloses an expandable copolymer resin used for manufacturing a lost foam casting model and a preparation method thereof, wherein the molecular weight of the expandable copolymer resin is 150000-300000, and the expandable copolymer resin comprises mixed monomers, deionized water, a cellulose ether dispersant, sodium salt, an initiator, a foaming agent and a molecular weight regulator; the mixed monomers comprise MMA and ST, wherein MMA accounts for 70-95% wt of the mixed monomers, and ST accounts for 5-30% wt of the mixed monomers. The model formed by the expandable copolymer resin has the advantage of reducing or eliminating carbon defects of castings when casting cast iron and cast steel.