A fiber-reinforced aerogel is disclosed. The aerogel can include a porous organic polymer matrix and fibers included in the porous organic polymer matrix. The aerogel can include a thermal conductivity of less than or equal to 60 mWIm.Math.K at a temperature of 20° C., at least a bimodal pore size distribution with a first mode of pores having an average pore size of less than or equal to 50 nanometers (nm) and a second mode of pores having an average pore size of greater than 50 nm, and a planar shape having a thickness of 5 millimeters (mm) or less and is capable of being rolled up into a roll, wherein the fibers form a woven fiber matrix.

Provided is a dispersion liquid that can improve coatability (wettability) with respect to a base material and can form a conductive film having high close adherence with a base material. The dispersion liquid contains a carbon material (A), a condensate (B) of an aromatic sulfonic acid compound, a hydroxyphenol compound, and an aldehyde compound, and a solvent (C).

A method of synthesizing a gel may include dissolving resorcinol and formaldehyde to form a homogenous medium. The method may also include subjecting the medium to nitrogen gas flow. The method may further include subjecting the medium to a vacuum procedure at a room temperature. Thus, the medium is subjected to the melting temperature of resorcinol. In addition, the method may include cooling the gel and subjecting the formed gel to the vacuum procedure at the temperature lower than the melting temperature of resorcinol.

A filler-containing film that can be precisely pressed to an electronic component with lower thrust is a film having a filler distributed layer in which fillers are regularly disposed in a resin layer, wherein an area occupancy rate of the fillers in a plan view is 25% or less, a ratio La/D between a layer thickness La of the resin layer and a particle diameter D of the fillers is 0.3 or more and 1.3 or less, and a proportion by number of the fillers present in a non-contact state with each other is 95% or more with respect to the entire fillers. The proportion by number of the fillers present in a non-contact state with each other is preferably 99.5% or more with respect to the entire fillers.

The invention relates to a composition containing a novolak and water.

In order to provide novolaks in a liquid preparation, which owing to their viscosity allow uncomplicated processing at temperatures of <100° C., a composition containing novolak and water is proposed, wherein a) the percentage of ortho linkages of the phenol rings of the novolak is greater than that of the para linkages and b) the novolak has been produced from a phenolic compound and an aldehyde in a molar ratio of from 1:0.2 to 1:0.45 and c) the composition contains from 2 to 20% by weight of water based on the weight of the sum of novolak and water.

A thermal insulating phenolic foam and method of manufacture thereof is provided. A phenolic foam is formed by foaming and curing a phenolic resin composition that comprises a phenolic resin, an acid catalyst, a blowing agent comprising a hydrocarbon having 6 carbon atoms or less, and an alkoxy alcohol. The resulting foam has low thermal conductivity and has excellent long term thermal stability.

A phenolic resin foam has a density of 30 kg/m.sup.3 to 80 kg/m.sup.3, a closed cell ratio of 85% or more, and reaches a total amount of heat release of 8 MJ/m.sup.2 in a time of 20 minutes or more in a heat release test performed using a cone calorimeter.

A product includes an aerogel having a single bulk structure, the single bulk structure having at least one dimension greater than 10 millimeters. The single bulk structure includes a plurality of pores, where each pore has a largest diameter defined as a greatest distance between pore walls of the respective pore. In addition, an average of the largest diameters of a majority of the pores is within a specified range, and the plurality of pores are distributed substantially homogenously throughout the single bulk structure.

A carbonaceous material having a pore size (p) ranging from a lower limit (a) to an upper limit (z) and a bulk density (σ) ranging from a lower limit (b) to an upper limit (y) where the comparative variability (g) defined as (y−b)/(z−a) is less than 1. Also, an adsorbent formed therefrom. Also, a chelating agent formed therefrom. Also, a film formed therefrom.

Provided are porous polymeric materials, methods of making same, and methods of using same. The porous polymeric materials include crosslinked calixarene moieties. The porous polymeric materials can be added to a sample and absorb/adsorb pollutants present in the sample. The absorbed/adsorbed pollutant can further be isolated from the porous polymeric material. The porous polymeric materials can be recycled.