A method of synthesizing a gel may include dissolving resorcinol and formaldehyde to form a homogenous medium. The method may also include subjecting the medium to nitrogen gas flow. The method may further include subjecting the medium to a vacuum procedure at a room temperature. Thus, the medium is subjected to the melting temperature of resorcinol. In addition, the method may include cooling the gel and subjecting the formed gel to the vacuum procedure at the temperature lower than the melting temperature of resorcinol.

A composition based on phenolic resin comprising at least one phenolic resin, a vegetable protein hydrolysate, preferentially a wheat gluten hydrolysate, and an agent for accelerating curing, and also to the process for the production thereof.

The present invention relates to a method for degradation of a phenolic resin-containing material, characterized in that the phenolic resin-containing material is subjected to an aminolysis with a reagent containing at least one amino group, as well as a method for synthesis and degradation of a phenolic resin-containing material, characterized in that the phenolic resin-containing material is created by curing the starting components at a temperature of less than 140 C. and is subjected to aminolysis with a reagent containing at least one amino group for the purpose of degradation.

In addition the inventors have discovered a method for producing a novolak that can be partially or completely degraded by aminolysis, comprising the steps: (a) reacting a phenolic component with an aldehyde in the presence of (i) an acid, (ii) an amine curing agent and (iii) a triglyceride or a triglyceride mixture, and (b) curing the resin obtained according to (a) at a temperature of 180 C., preferably 140 C.

And finally, the invention relates to a method for reusing a phenolic resin-containing material comprising degradation of the material by aminolysis, wherein a liquid and optional components remaining in the solid state are formed, in the case of components remaining in the solid state, these components are separated from the liquid, the liquid is treated to remove volatile products, preferably under a reduced pressure and/or at an elevated temperature, forming a nonvolatile residue, mixing the nonvolatile residue with the starting materials required for synthesis of a phenolic resin or with one or more compounds selected from monomers, oligomers or polymers having at least two functional groups which react with amino groups and/or hydroxyl groups.

A phenol novolak resin having an excellent balance between the mold shrinkage of a composition containing the phenol novolak resin during heat curing and the modulus of elasticity at high temperature. A phenol novolak resin that is an alkyl phenol novolak resin produced by bonding alkyl phenol (I), in which an alkyl group having a carbon number of 4 to 8 is included as a substituent on an aromatic ring, to each other with a methylene group interposed therebetween, wherein the ratio (a)/(b) of a value (a) of integration from 146 to 148 ppm to a value (b) of integration from 146 to 153 ppm based on the 13C-NMR measurement is within the range of 0.05 to 0.30, and the area ratio of alkyl phenol (I) based on GPC measurement is within the range of 0.01% to 3.0%, a curable resin composition using the same, and a cured product thereof.

Polystyrene-phenolic foam composites and precursor compositions are disclosed. The composites exhibit excellent flame resistance properties and may be suitably prepared in standard expanded polystyrene processing equipment.

A production method for a separated fiber bundle includes at least: [A] a partial separation step for obtaining a partially separated fiber bundle in which separation-processed parts, each separated into a plurality of bundles, and not-separation-processed parts are alternately formed along the lengthwise direction of a fiber bundle comprising a plurality of single fibers; and [B] a cutting step for cutting the not-separation-processed parts of the partially separated fiber bundle formed in the step [A] along the lengthwise direction of the fiber bundle. A separated fiber bundle produced by the method, a fiber-reinforced resin molding material that uses the separated fiber bundle, and a production method for the fiber-reinforced resin molding material.

A partially separated fiber bundle includes separation-processed sections and not-separation-processed sections that are alternately formed along the lengthwise direction of a fiber bundle that includes a plurality of single fibers, wherein the separation-processed sections include a plurality of divided fiber bundles that have been divided by separation processing. The partially separated fiber bundle is characterized in that the numbers of single fibers of the divided fiber bundles in the separation-processed section are nonuniform.

A composition based on phenolic resin comprising at least one phenolic resin, a vegetable protein hydrolysate, preferentially a wheat gluten hydrolysate, and an agent for accelerating curing, and also to the process for the production thereof.

A method of creating a composite material with aggregate stability of carbon nanotubes includes carrying out submicron emission of Carbon Nanomaterial particles; conducting a dispersion analysis of the carbon nanomaterial particles of water suspension through a particle size laser diffraction analyzer; introducing carbon nanomaterial particles into a binder and mixing; adding resin into a mixture of carbon nanomaterial particles and the binder; applying a finished resin to a glass grid to create a saturated glass grid; drying the saturated glass grid, causing evaporation of binder volatile components; and slicing the glass grid into segments for analysis.

The present invention is a phenolic resin foam including a hydrocarbon having a carbon number of 6 or less and a density of the phenolic resin foam is 10 kg/m.sup.3 or more and 150 kg/m.sup.3 or less, in which, in the phenolic resin foam, the hydrocarbon having a carbon number of 6 or less includes 40 mol % to 90 mol % of cyclopentane and 60 mol % to 10 mol % of one or two or more types selected from hydrocarbons having a boiling point of 50 C. to 5 C.; and the average boiling point X of the hydrocarbon having a carbon number of 6 or less is 5 C. to 44 C. and the content Y of the hydrocarbon having a carbon number of 6 or less in the phenolic resin foam is 0.25 mol to 0.9 mol per of 22.410.sup.3 m.sup.3 space volume in the phenolic resin foam.