Provided is a vinylidene fluoride copolymer particle which is capable of efficiently exhibiting high adhesion between an electrode and a separator. The vinylidene fluoride copolymer particle of the present invention comprises vinylidene fluoride; and a compound having an oxygen atom-containing functional group; wherein a ratio of oxygen atom in a surface of the vinylidene fluoride copolymer particle is higher than a ratio of oxygen atom in the vinylidene fluoride copolymer particle other than the surface thereof.

The invention relates to novel linear, semi-crystalline, functional fluoropolymers that have been obtained by copolymerizing a fluorinated vinylic monomer and a hydrophilic (meth)acrylic comonomer bearing a halogen functionality.

An ion-conducting material, a core-shell structure containing the ion-conducting material, an electrode prepared with the core-shell structure and a metal-ion battery employing the electrode are provided. The core-shell structure includes a core particle and an organic-inorganic composite layer formed on the surface of the core particle for encapsulating the core particle. The core particle includes lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel cobalt oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, or lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide. Also, the organic-inorganic composite layer includes nitrogen-containing hyperbranched polymer and an ion-conducting material. The ion-conducting material is a lithium-containing linear polymer or a modified Prussian blue, wherein the modified Prussian blue has an ion-conducting group and the lithium-containing linear polymer has an ion-conducting segment.

The invention concerns bituminous compositions comprising: a bitumen, a hydroxide XOH, with X=Na, Ca, Mg, Li or K, and at least one amine additive selected from amines, diamines, polyamines, alkyl amido amines, amidopolyamines and imidazolines,
wherein said bituminous composition is substantially free of saponifiable and saponified carboxylic acids, meaning that, if present, the weight of saponifiable and saponified carboxylic acids represents at most 0.01% of the total weight of said bituminous composition
and the bitumen represents at least 60% by weight of said bituminous composition,
their preparation process and their use in road applications.

Disclosed is a member for electrochemical devices comprising a current collector, an electrode mixture layer provided on the current collector, and an electrolyte layer provided on the electrode mixture layer in this order, wherein the electrode mixture layer comprises an electrode active material, a polymer having a structural unit represented by the following formula (1), at least one electrolyte salt selected from the group consisting of lithium salts, sodium salts, calcium salts, and magnesium salts, and a molten salt having a melting point of 250° C. or less, and the electrolyte layer comprises an inorganic solid electrolyte:

##STR00001##

wherein X.sup.− represents a counter anion.

[Object] To provide a method for producing a vinyl ether polymer containing a hydrocarbon group in a stable and efficient manner, wherein decomposition of the monomer and generation of polyacetal are suppressed.

[Means for solving problem] The method for producing a vinyl ether polymer containing a hydrocarbon group according to the present invention comprises the step of polymerizing vinyl ether represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbons or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbons,
in the presence of water as a polymerization solvent and an organic azo-based compound as a radical polymerization initiator, under pH of 6 or more.

A fluoropolymer composition particles comprising electro-active material, wherein the electro-active material comprises graphite and metal compounds and combinations thereof. The compositions also comprise water and an organic liquid having a boiling point between 70 C and 200 C. Also provided are methods of making a paste and methods of making electrodes and electrodes made with the paste.

The present invention relates to a binder for a lithium secondary battery, an electrode comprising the same, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the electrode. More specifically, the present invention provides a binder for a lithium secondary battery having excellent cycle life and high energy density, an anode for a lithium secondary battery comprising the same, and a lithium secondary battery prepared therefrom.

A dispensable chemical composition comprising a blend of siloxane polymeric components, with a low viscosity component in an amount greater than a high viscosity component, and suitable to integrate a high amount of filler materials while maintaining rheological features of thixotropic index and viscosity values at low and high shear rates proper for a dispensing paste.

Described herein are borate salts useful as additives, binders, and electrolyte salts for solid state lithium ion batteries. In particular, the borate salts of Formula (I), Formula (II) and Formula (f11) as described herein:

##STR00001##

can be polymerized, or can be bound to an existing polymer, to provide polymeric binders for ceramic solid state electrolytes that are themselves capable of ion transport independent of the ceramic.