A material of formula (I)
M.sup.1.sub.aM.sup.2.sub.bW.sub.cO.sub.d(P(O).sub.nR.sub.m).sub.e  (I)
wherein each of M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 is independently ammonium or a metal cation; a is 0.01 to 0.5; b is 0 to 0.5; c is 1; d is 2.5 to 3; e is 0.01 to 0.75; n is 1, 2 or 3; m is 1, 2 or 3; and R is an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group.

The present invention relates to a “safety-by-design” method for the preparation of nanoparticles, to a method for the preparation of a nanocomposite material, and to the use of a direct liquid injection device so as to prepare nanoparticles or nanocomposite materials in a “safety-by-design” process.

Heat ray shielding fine particles, heat ray shielding fine particle dispersion liquid, heat ray shielding film, heat ray shielding glass, heat ray shielding dispersion body, and heat ray shielding laminated transparent substrate that exhibit heat ray shielding properties and suppress scorching sensation on skin when employed in window materials and the like, also enable usage of communication devices, imaging devices, sensors, etc. that employ near-infrared light across these structures. The particles are composite tungsten oxide fine particles having a heat ray shielding function; and when a visible light transmittance is 85% when computed for light absorption by the particles alone, the average value of transmittance in the wavelength region from 800 nm to 900 nm is 30%-60%, and the average value of transmittance in the wavelength region from 1200 nm to 1500 nm is 20% or lower, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 2100 nm is 22% or lower.

Disclosed are an environment-friendly heat shielding film using a non-radioactive stable isotope and a manufacturing method therefor and, more specifically, an environment-friendly heat shielding film using a non-radioactive stable isotope and a manufacturing method therefor, wherein a heat shielding layer is formed on one surface of a substrate layer; the heat shielding layer is composed of stable isotopes as elements constituting a precursor and contains a non-radioactive stable isotope tungsten bronze compound having an oxygen-deficient .sup.(Y)A.sub.x.sup.(182,183,184,186)W.sub.1O.sub.(3-n) type hexagonal structure, thereby preventing the generation of radioactive materials, fundamentally blocking haze, and improving the visible light transmittance and the infrared light blocking rate; and the heat resistance and durability problems that may occur when the heat shielding layer is formed of the non-radioactive stable isotope tungsten bronze compound are solved by a passivation film.

The invention provides a security document having a transparent window, the security document comprising: a transparent polymeric substrate; an infrared-absorbent composition coated on or incorporated within the substrate at the window, the infrared-absorbent composition comprising particles of doped or Magnéli phase tungsten oxide.

A paint system contains an anti-fouling metal oxide and a fumed silica, wherein the fumed silica has a BET surface area of 150 to 400 m.sup.2/g, a tamped density of 100 to 300 g/l, and a thickening of less than 500 mPas, in which the percentage by weight of silica≤the percentage by weight of the metal and/or oxide thereof, based on the total weight of the paint system. The paint system also contains at least one water-binding organic and/or inorganic filler.

A polyimide film and a flexible display device cover substrate using the same are provided, and the polyimide film includes a polyimide and a blue infrared absorbing agent. The blue infrared absorbing agent includes cesium tungsten oxide, tungsten oxide, Prussian blue, or antimony tin oxide. The blue infrared absorbing agent has infrared absorbing and photothermal conversion effects, and the surface temperature of the polyimide resin may be increased by infrared irradiation, so as to shorten the baking time.

The present invention provides a photocatalytic coating material that can be stored for an extended period of time without allowing proliferation of, for example, bacteria and fungi. The photocatalytic coating material in accordance with the present invention contains: a dispersion medium containing water; photocatalytic fine particles dispersed in the dispersion medium; and silver ions, a concentration of the silver ions of the photocatalytic coating material is 0.6 ppm or more.

An adhesive film and a laminate film including the same are disclosed. The adhesive film contains an adhesive resin and a near-infrared ray blocking agent, wherein visible-ray transmittance of the adhesive film in a wavelength band of 400 to 700 nm is in a range of 80 to 95%, and near-infrared ray transmittance of the adhesive film in a wavelength band of 800 to 1,500 nm is in a range of 10 to 70%.

The invention relates to provide an infrared shielding composition that can form an infrared cut filter in which flat coating properties are excellent and the generation of a pattern on the surface is suppressed and that has excellent drying resistance, an infrared cut filter, and a solid-state imaging device. The infrared shielding composition according to the invention includes at least metal containing tungsten oxide particles; a resin binder; a solvent A of which a boiling point is 170° C. to 200° C. at 1 atm; and a solvent B different from the solvent A, in which a content of the solvent A is 0.1 to 20 mass % with respect to a total mass of the infrared shielding composition.