A polylactic acid solid composition includes: a polylactic acid having a weight average molecular weight of not more than 40,000, which is measured in terms of polystyrene standard by GPC; and a basic compound of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, which is a residue of a molecular weight reduction accelerator. The basic compound is contained in an amount in a range of 0.5 to 20 mass %.

A silicone composite for high temperature insulation applications is disclosed. The composite is formed of a silicone and a thermally decomposable inorganic filler which are compounded together. The compounded material is then injection molded, overmolded, compression molded, cast, laminated, extruded, or dispensed. When the silicone composite is exposed to a high temperature, it forms an inorganic composite and maintains its insulating properties and dimensional stability.

A chemical blowing agent for foaming a thermoplastic polymer, for example PVC plastisol or a polymer resin in an extrusion process, said chemical blowing agent comprising a functionalized particulate bicarbonate containing at least one polyoxyalkylene additive, preferably excluding an exothermic blowing agent. The polyoxyalkylene additive may be selected from the group consisting of polyoxyalkylenes, any derivative thereof, salts thereof, and any combinations thereof. The particulate bicarbonate may be preferably functionalized by spray-coating, extrusion or co-grinding with at least one polyoxyalkylene additive. The functionalized particulate bicarbonate may comprise 50 wt % to less than 100 wt % of the bicarbonate component, and 0.02-50 wt % of the additive. The functionalized particulate bicarbonate may further comprise 0.1-5 wt % silica. A foamable polymer composition comprising such chemical blowing agent. A process for manufacturing a foamed polymer, such as foamed PVC, comprising shaping and heating the foamable polymer composition, and a foamed polymer obtained by such process.

Provided is particulate of a cathode active material for a lithium battery, comprising one or a plurality of cathode active material particles being embraced or encapsulated by a thin layer of a high-elasticity polymer having a recoverable tensile strain no less than 5%, a lithium ion conductivity no less than 10.sup.−6 S/cm at room temperature, and a thickness from 0.5 nm to 10 μm, wherein the polymer contains an ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMW) polymer having a molecular weight from 0.5×10.sup.6 to 9×10.sup.6 grams/mole. The UHMW polymer is preferably selected from polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(methyl ether acrylate), a copolymer thereof, a sulfonated derivative thereof, a chemical derivative thereof, or a combination thereof.

A plastic composition includes plastic material free from halogenated components or with a halogen content less than or equal to 0.5% by mass with respect to the plastic material, oligomers derived from the plastic contained in the plastic material, halogenated salts, and hydrocarbon.

Provided is a polishing composition that can effectively improve a polishing removal rate. According to the present invention, a polishing composition for polishing a polishing target material is provided. The polishing composition contains water, an oxidant, and a polishing removal accelerator, and does not contain abrasive. At least one metal salt selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt and an alkaline earth metal salt is contained as the polishing removal accelerator.

The invention relates to a polyol displaying specific properties which allow it to be identified accessibly as a recycled polyol, particularly as a recycled polyol obtained from a new specific recycling process.

A rubber composition for tire tread or a rubber composition for tire sidewall, comprising one or more rubber components, and a composite powder which comprises a persimmon fruit extract and sodium carbonate and which is in an amount of 1.0 to 10 parts by mass when a total amount of the rubber component(s) is regarded as 100 parts by mass. In the rubber compositions, it is preferable that in the composite powder, a ratio by mass of the persimmon fruit extract to the sodium carbonate is from 1:1 to 5:1. Moreover, in the rubber compositions, it is preferable that when a total amount of the rubber component(s) is regarded as 100 parts by mass, an effective component amount of the persimmon fruit extract in the composite powder is from 0.01 to 8.0 parts by mass.

A method of creating a processable water soluble polymer, the method comprising the steps of: extruding a water soluble polymer composition from an extruder barrel without use of a die, wherein the extruder barrel is not vented other than via its extruder outlet, to produce an irregularly shaped polymer extrudate; directing the irregularly shaped polymer extrudate onto a chilled conveyor to cool the irregularly shaped polymer extrudate to below 60° C.; and granulating the irregularly shaped polymer extrudate to form a granulate.

An additive material has a composition of from about 50 wt % to about 95 wt % of a base material and a curing agent when required to cure the base material, and from about 5 wt % to about 50 wt % of a weight percentage of boric acid and a weight percentage of sodium bicarbonate, wherein the weight percentage of boric acid is greater than the weight percentage of sodium bicarbonate. The composition optionally further includes a weight percentage of magnesium oxide.