Technologies are described for detection of eye surface vibrations to determine cell damage within a treatment area of an eye undergoing laser treatment. Eye surface vibrations may be caused by intraocular pressure waves that form during the laser treatment. For example, the pressure waves may originate from a plurality of bubbles forming and/or rupturing inside cells located in the treatment area. The bubbles may form as energy from a treatment laser beam is absorbed by the retinal tissue. The pressure waves may be measured at the surface of the eye through Doppler vibrometry to determine if the cells within the treatment area have been damaged. The damage to the cells may include cell lysis, a rupture of cell membranes, scarring, and/or photocoagulation, among other examples.

Technologies are described for detection of eye surface vibrations to determine cell damage within a treatment area of an eye undergoing laser treatment. Eye surface vibrations may be caused by intraocular pressure waves that form during the laser treatment. For example, the pressure waves may originate from a plurality of bubbles forming and/or rupturing inside cells located in the treatment area. The bubbles may form as energy from a treatment laser beam is absorbed by the retinal tissue. The pressure waves may be measured at the surface of the eye through Doppler vibrometry to determine if the cells within the treatment area have been damaged. The damage to the cells may include cell lysis, a rupture of cell membranes, scarring, and/or photocoagulation, among other examples.

Apparatus and methods are disclosed for treating allergic rhinitis (seasonal and perennial hay fever), by application of flash lamp radiation. The nasal cavity can be illuminated in a safe and effective manner, with non-coherent light from a flash-lamp or other suitable source. This illumination can be accomplished in any suitable manner, including by use of a handheld device. Such handheld embodiments may contain a power source (battery or AC), control circuitry, light source (flash-lamp or diode laser), lens (focusing or non-focusing), light filter, and/or fiber-optic for delivering light to the nasal cavity. Embodiments include using any suitable light energy, such as visible light in the red wavelengths with a power output of 1 to 10 Joules per cm.sup.2. The device can be pre-programmed to deliver a specified amount of light in a specified amount of time using multiple pulses (in the case of a flash lamp) or a continuous wave (in the case of a diode laser). In many useful embodiments, a rigid fiber-optic extends from the lens/light filter a length of 10 to 20 mm, although it can be any convenient and useful size and shape. Contact sensors can be arrayed on the device for various purposes, such as to restrict illumination to times when the fiber optic is inserted into the nasal cavity. This and/or other safety features can prevent the high-intensity light from being fired into open space, a person's eyes, and/or otherwise causing a potential vision or other hazard. Preferably, the device can be easily and comfortably inserted into a nostril. The fiber-optic can be angled (either in its own shape or by the user manipulating it to a convenient angle/position) so as to allow the user to easily grip the device and insert the fiber-optic without having to use a mirror or other aid. Light from the device can be emitted at a specified light frequency that causes a desired immunosuppressive response in the cellular system.

A laser surgical method for performing a corneal incision while maintaining iris exposure below a predetermined exposure limit includes determining an initial iris exposure based on an initial treatment scan, determining whether the initial iris exposure is less than the predetermined exposure limit, generating a revised treatment scan comprising one or more treatment scan modifying elements when the initial iris exposure is greater than the predetermined exposure limit, and scanning the focal zone of a pulsed laser beam according to the revised treatment scan, thereby performing the corneal incision, wherein the one or more treatment scan modifying elements causes the iris exposure to be smaller than the predetermined exposure limit.

The laser lancing device in accordance with an exemplary embodiment includes: a main body; a laser resonator located within the main body and configured to generate a laser and output the laser forwards; a beam barrel located in front of the laser resonator and including at least one lens unit fixed therein; a window barrel located in front of the beam barrel and connected to the main body; a cap part connected to the front of the window barrel and brought into contact with an irradiation target area; a fan unit communicating with the cap part and induce flow of air; and a communication pipe of which one end is connected to the fan unit and the other end is connected to the cap part.

A device comprising: (a) one or more markers, some or all of which are expandable rounded members that are expandable from a stored state to an expanded state and when in the expanded state each of the expandable rounded members expand to move into contact with a lumen in an organ; and (b) one or more tissue tags connected to the expandable rounded members or the expandable rounded members being made of a magnetized material; and wherein the expandable rounded members are configured to be located within and deployed from an insertion mechanism into the lumen in the organ.

Rather than rely solely upon pupillary occlusion or tracking of eye movement to protect the fundus from accidental exposure to electromagnetic radiation, the present invention also utilizes an electromagnetic radiation pathway with a profile such that the energy density at the iris is greater than the energy density at the posterior portion of the eye. This disparity in energy density allows for efficacy at the anterior iris treatment site, without injury to the fundus.

The present invention relates to a flexible surgical system for endoscopic spinal decompression and methods thereof. Various methods of accessing the epidural space with this instrument are described. The system design enables placement of the device through several approaches. It is then advanced under direct visualization or fluoroscopic (X-Ray), for example, into areas of the spine including lumbar (low back), thoracic (mid and upper back) and cervical (neck). The pathologies encroaching upon the spinal space can then be visualized wherein the epidural membrane can optionally be displaced to further aid in visualization. The membrane can be used to protect regions of tissue adjacent the site to tissue removal.

The present invention proposes a laser hair removal device handheld head (1) provided with a camera objective (13), one or more first light source (10), and a transparent member (12) for being placed onto a skin region to be subjected to laser hair removal, wherein the first light source (10) and transparent member (12) being configured to provide frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) based images of the skin region. The present invention further proposes a laser hair removal method.

An injection needle has an opening at a distal end thereof the injection needle and defines a hole. An optical fiber is configured to output a light from a light source and inserted in the hole. The optical fiber has a distal end positioned on an inner side of the opening. A protector is configured to transmit the light and is positioned further towards an opening side of the injection needle than the distal end. The protector is configured to prevent adherence of tissue to the optical fiber. The light emitted from the optical fiber is configured to irradiated onto a treatment target in a state in which the injection needle is inserted into skin, the distal end is positioned on an inner side of the opening, and the protector is positioned further towards the opening side of the injection needle than the distal end.