For fluorescent nanoparticles having a zeta potential of −10 mV to −60 mV at pH 7.0 or a zeta potential of 0 mV to −10 mV in a buffer of pH 6.0 to 8.0, an appropriate electrical repulsive force can be generated between biomolecules that are generally negatively charged and the fluorescent nanoparticles. As a result, non-specific binding between the fluorescent nanoparticles and the biomolecules is suppressed and the fluorescent nanoparticles are specifically bound to a biomolecule to be stained through interaction stronger than the electrical repulsive force, so that the visibility of the specific biomolecule to be stained can be improved. Further, since an appropriate electrical repulsive force is also generated between the fluorescent nanoparticles themselves, aggregation of the fluorescent nanoparticles can be inhibited and the dispersibility in a staining solution can thereby be maintained.

A process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of pigment particles is described. The pigment particle contains a pigment and an aminoplast resin which surrounds or embeds the pigment. The process includes (i) a step of subjecting an aqueous suspension of a pigment in the form of coarse particles to milling so that the coarse particles are comminuted in the presence of a polymeric dispersant to a particle diameter d(v 0.9) of below 1500 nm, as determined by laser diffraction; and (ii) a step of polycondensation of an aminoplast pre-condensate in the aqueous suspension of the comminuted particles of the pigment obtained in step (i) or during the milling of step (i). The polycondensation is performed in the presence of an acid catalyst at pH of below 5.5. The aqueous dispersion obtained by the process and the use of the aqueous dispersion for tinting waterborne liquid coating composition are also described.

Provided are a core-shell dye includes a core including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a shell surrounding the core, a photosensitive resin composition including the same, and a color filter manufactured using the photosensitive resin composition. ##STR00001##
(In Chemical Formula 1, each substituent is the same as defined in the specification.)

The present invention relates to a compound having a novel structure, a photopolymer composition including the compound as a dye, a hologram recording medium produced from the photopolymer composition, an optical element including the hologram recording medium, and a holographic recording method using the hologram recording medium.

An article that includes a fluorescent composition having at least one of a fluorescent sensor compound and organic reporter molecules encapsulated in a microsphere structure. When encapsulated, the fluorescent sensor compound and the organic reporter molecules are distributed in a liquid organic matrix. When non-encapsulated, the remaining one of the fluorescent sensor compound and the organic reporter molecules reside in the matrix. In response to a force applied to the composition sufficient to break at least a portion of the microsphere structure, the fluorescent sensor compound and the organic reporter molecules are transformed into a non-reversible fluorescent state exhibiting a quantum yield greater than 0.2. The fluorescent state is objectively visually verifiable without physically contacting the composition.

Provided is an ink including: a pigment-containing matter containing a pigment; an organic solvent; water; and a compound represented by General Formula (1) below. A difference (Ra−R.sub.0) is 2.0 or less, where Ra is a distance between a Hansen solubility parameter of the organic solvent and a Hansen solubility parameter of the pigment-containing matter determined by a Hansen solubility sphere method, and R.sub.0 is an interaction radius of the pigment-containing matter determined by the Hansen solubility sphere method.

##STR00001##

In the General Formula (1), R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 or more but 5 or less carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 3 or more but 11 or less.

Provided are a coloring composition capable of producing a film having excellent light fastness, and the like, a method for producing a coloring composition, a color filter, a pattern forming method, a solid-state imaging device, and an image display device. The coloring composition includes a coated pigment in which at least a portion of a surface of a yellow pigment is coated with a resin, a halogenated phthalocyanine pigment, a dispersant having an acid value of 40 mgKOH/g or more, and a curable compound.

A usual ink composition can be expected to improve ink viscosity to a certain degree, but when used for a glycol ether-based ink recently required, an increase in viscosity in preparing the ink cannot be suppressed. In addition, there is unknown a copper phthalocyanine pigment composition which can satisfy both such an improvement in ink viscosity and resolubility as printability which is important for the glycol ether-based ink. In this situation, a problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a copper phthalocyanine pigment composition having low viscosity and excellent resolubility in a glycol ether-based ink. It was found that when a copper phthalocyanine pigment is combined with a specified copper phthalocyanine acid derivative, a pigment composition having significantly low viscosity when formed into a glycol ether-based ink, and good familiarity with the ink can be produced, leading to the achievement of the present invention.

The present invention relates to modified proppants and methods of using the modified proppants that use metal ligand tracers to characterize subterranean fluid flow. The metal and ligands are best chosen to be a strongly-coordinating, chelating ligand with a functional group for the chosen flow environment.

A pigment composite particle is provided, which includes an organic pigment core, a polyelectrolyte shell wrapped around the organic pigment core, and an oxide shell wrapped around the polyelectrolyte shell. The organic pigment core is water-insoluble. The organic pigment core and the polyelectrolyte shell have a weight ratio of 1:0.25 to 1:1. The oxide shell is formed from tetraalkyl orthosilicate, tetraalkyl orthotitanate, or a combination thereof, and the organic pigment core and the tetraalkyl orthosilicate, tetraalkyl orthotitanate, or the combination thereof have a weight ratio of 1:0.7 to 1:3.