The present invention relates to novel mono- or polynuclear melamine compounds and their use as dispersants for pigments and fillers in coating compositions, in particular in solvent-borne coating compositions. The mono- or polynuclear melamine compounds of the invention have at least one 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine ring, wherein at least one amino groups of at least one of the 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine rings of the mono- or polynuclear melamine compounds is of the formula A:NR.sup.1R.sup.2 (A) where R.sup.1 is H, CH(R.sup.3)OR.sup.4 or R.sup.2, R.sup.2 is CH(R.sup.3)0(A-0).sub.x-R.sup.5, where R.sup.3 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.10-alkyl or aryl; R.sup.4 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl or C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkoxy-C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl; R.sup.5 is a hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms; x is an integer from 2 to 500, having on average a value in the range from 2.5 to 400; A is an C.sub.2-C.sub.4-alkan-1,2-diyl radical.

A method for preparing a dispersion of nanoparticles of a solid organic dye or pigment in a liquid carrier, the method comprising forming a solution or slurry of the solid organic dye or pigment in an organic or other solvent, and continuously mixing the solution or slurry with the liquid carrier in a counter current or concurrent mixing reactor providing a dispersion of the nanoparticles in the liquid carrier and solvent mixture and, optionally concentrating the dispersion.

Subject matter are aqueous, low-VOC/SVOC universal pigment preparations comprising a pigment component, a water-soluble, anionic, surface-active additive from the group of the homo- and copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acids, which may further comprise, in copolymerized form, vinyl monomers containing no acid function, and of the salts of these homo- and copolymers, the homo- and copolymers being at least partly esterified with a polyether alcohol or a derivative thereof, and comprising a phosphoric or phosphonic ester, and optionally customary additives. The aqueous pigment preparations are suitable for the coloring of inks, paints, and renders, especially in metering systems at the point of sale or in in-plant tinting systems.

A universal pigment preparation including a flocculation-stabilizing medium including (a1) reaction products of di- or polycarboxylic acids or hydroxycarboxylic acids with di- or polyols, and (a2) reaction products of alkylene oxides with alkoxylatable compounds, and at least one pigment. Paints, varnishes, printing inks, coating materials, floor coatings, potting compounds and filling compounds may be made using the universal pigment preparation.

A paprika emulsified dye preparation exhibiting a red color is provided. Specifically, a paprika emulsified dye preparation, which contains a paprika dye, an oil-based solvent, water, and an emulsifier, and has the following characteristics: a color density per mass percent of an oil phase is 1500 CV or more; a volume-based median diameter (D50) of emulsified particles is 1 to 3 ?m; and a hue is 25 to 34 is provided.

A modified organic pigment can be used to make a coating composition, such as a paint, a varnish, or a printing ink. The modified organic pigment is obtained by reacting the pigments during the pigment synthesis with at least one interface-active compound, where the interface-active compound is a compound within a three-dimensional Hansen space determined by three coordinates, Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs), D=18.21, P=8.44, H=13.16 with a radius of 6.7 units about a center of the three-dimensional Hansen space, determined with the aid of the HSPiP software, version 5.0.0.4.

The invention relates to aqueous binder-free pigment dispersions containing (A) at least one organic and/or inorganic pigment, (B) one or more dispersing agents and/or surfactants, (C) at least one base of formula (I), where R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OH or CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)OH, (D) optionally, one or more polyalkylene glycols, (E) optionally, other additives commonly used for making aqueous pigment dispersions, and (F) water.

##STR00001##

A printing ink composition contains a disperse dye, a dispersant, and water, in which the dispersant contains one or more compounds represented by:

##STR00001##

wherein each Ar independently represents an aromatic ring having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, R1 and R2 independently represent a substituent selected from the group consisting of H, OCH.sub.3, OH, COOH, SO.sub.3H, OSO.sub.3H, an alkyl group having 1 to carbon atoms, and a salt thereof, R3 represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of OH, COOH, SO.sub.3H, OSO.sub.3H, and a salt thereof, R4 represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of H, OCH.sub.3, OC.sub.2H.sub.5, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and a salt thereof, the substituent introduction numbers a, b, c, and d each represent an integer of 1 to 8, and the number of repetitions m represents an integer of 1 to 50.

Subject matter are aqueous, low-VOC/SVOC universal pigment preparations comprising a pigment component; a water-soluble, nonionic, surface-active additive comprising a copolymer formed from a vinyl monomer and from an ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of monocarboxylic esters, dicarboxylic esters, monocarboxamides, and dicarboxamides, the vinyl monomer and/or the ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing an N-containing group with pigment affinity; a phosphoric or phosphonic ester, and optionally customary additives. The aqueous pigment preparations are suitable for the coloring of inks, paints, and renders, especially in metering systems at the point of sale or in in-plant tinting systems.

Subject matter are aqueous, low-VOC/SVOC universal pigment preparations comprising a pigment component, a water-soluble, anionic, surface-active additive from the group of the homo- and copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acids, which may further comprise, in copolymerized form, vinyl monomers containing no acid function, and of the salts of these homo- and copolymers, the homo- and copolymers being at least partly esterified with a polyether alcohol or a derivative thereof, and comprising a phosphoric or phosphonic ester, and optionally customary additives. The aqueous pigment preparations are suitable for the coloring of inks, paints, and renders, especially in metering systems at the point of sale or in in-plant tinting systems.