Embodiments of the present disclosure describe burner (10) configurations used in an industrial process to convert methane to olefins, aromatics, and nanoparticles/nanomaterials. Both a vitiated coflow burner and piloted turbulent burner with inhomogeneous inlets are disclosed.

The object of the present invention is to provide silica particles which can provide a silica particle dispersion exhibiting excellent uniformity. The present invention is silica particles having an average primary particle diameter d.sub.BET calculated from a specific surface area by a BET method of 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less and a ratio (d.sub.DLS/d.sub.BET) of an average secondary particle diameter d.sub.DLS measured by a dynamic light scattering method to the d.sub.BET of 1.2 or less. The silica particles of the present invention preferably have a coefficient of variation in a particle diameter measured using a transmission electron microscope at a magnification of 200,000 of 20% or less.

A composition comprising titanium dioxide and additives useful for enhancing the optical performance of titanium dioxide or for allowing substitution of at least part of the titanium dioxide in said composition for additives. At least two additives are added, wherein a first additive comprises a composite pigment and a second additive comprises a reactive polymer. The invention also provides a method for enhancing the optical properties of titanium dioxide compositions.

Described herein are oral care compositions comprising metal silicates (e.g. potassium silicate); along with methods of making and using same.

Disclosed in certain embodiments are hybrid metal oxide particles and methods of preparing the same. In at least one embodiment, hybrid metal oxide particles comprise a continuous matrix of a first metal oxide having embedded therein an array of metal oxide particles comprising a second metal oxide. In at least one embodiment, the hybrid metal oxide particles are substantially non-porous.

Ceramic-polymer composites and methods. The ceramic-polymer composites, in powder and/or pellet forms, comprise a plurality of core-shell particles, where: each of the core-shell particles comprises a core and a shell around the core; the core comprises a ceramic selected from the group of ceramics consisting of: Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, ZnO, ZrO.sub.2, and SiO.sub.2; and the shell comprises a polymer selected from the group of polymers consisting of: PC copolymers, polyetherimide (PEI), polyetherimide (PEI) copolymers, polyphenyl sulfone (PPSU), polyarylethersulfone (PAES), and poly ether sulfones (PES). In powder form, the core-shell particles are in a substantially dry powder form having a moisture content of less than 2% by weight. In pellet form, shells of adjacent core-shell particles are joined to resist separation of the adjacent core-shell particles and deformation of a respective pellet. Methods of forming a ceramic-polymer composite comprise: superheating a mixture of polymer, solvent, and ceramic, to dissolve the polymer in the solvent; agitating the superheated mixture while substantially maintaining the mixture at an elevated temperature and pressure; and cooling the mixture to cause the polymer to precipitate on the particles of the ceramic and thereby form a plurality of the present polymer-ceramic core-shell particles. Methods of molding a part comprise subjecting a powder of the present polymer-ceramic core-shell particles that substantially fills a mold to a first pressure while the powder is at or above a first temperature above a melting temperature (T.sub.m) of the polymer.

Systems and methods relate to applying a coating to a substrate. Coatings can be generated using layer-by-layer application techniques. Typically, application of a first aqueous solution is alternated with application of a second aqueous solution. Example first aqueous solutions include polyethyleneimine (PEI) and hydroxy-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS-OH). Example second aqueous solutions include silicate and PDMS-OH. In some instances, first aqueous solutions and/or second aqueous solutions additionally include methyl-terminated PDMS (PDMS-CH.sub.3).

Calcium silicate powders are provided. The calcium silicate powders comprise porous calcium silicate particles and an additive, the additive being at least partially penetrated into the pores of the particles. The additive is present in an amount of between 1.5 and 50%w, wherein %w is the weight ratio, expressed as percentage, of the dry weight of the additive over the dry weight of the combination of the calcium silicate particles and additive.

Composite particles are provided. The composite particles can comprise: a base particle; a metal layer encompassing the base particle and having a surface on which a plurality of gaps are formed; and markers provided on the metal layer and also provided within the plurality of gaps of the metal layer.

The disclosure relates to a conductive particle and a manufacturing method thereof, an adhesive and an application thereof. The conductive particle includes a core, a conductive carbon layer and a conductive polymer layer. The conductive carbon layer covers the core, and the conductive polymer layer is provided on the conductive carbon layer. The conductivity of the conductive particle is higher.