Provided is an antifouling coating composition containing a hydrolyzable resin (A), a first non-hydrolyzable resin (B), a second non-hydrolyzable resin (C), and an antifouling agent (D), in which a glass transition temperature Tg.sub.B [° C.] and a solubility parameter SP.sub.B of the first non-hydrolyzable resin (B), and a glass transition temperature Tg.sub.C [° C.] and a solubility parameter SP.sub.C of the second non-hydrolyzable resin (C) satisfy an expression [1]:Tg.sub.B−Tg.sub.C≥60, an expression [2]:SP.sub.B ≥9.5, an expression [3]:SP.sub.C≥9.5, and an expression [4]:SP.sub.B−SP.sub.C|≤1.0.

Methods of protecting a surface include applying an inner polymer layer onto a surface. The inner polymer layer is impregnated with a biologically active chemical substance that protects the surface from biofouling-induced chemical, biological, and bio-proliferative damage. The inner polymer layer is an epoxy polymer. An outer polymer layer is applied onto the inner polymer layer. The outer polymer layer is impregnated with a biologically active chemical substance that protects the inner polymer layer from biofouling-induced chemical, biological, and bio-proliferative damage. The outer polymer layer is selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes and fluorourethanes.

The instant invention describes an anti-biofouling structure for placement onto structures or surfaces that are exposed to aquatic environments. Embedded within the anti-biofouling structure are agents that can diffuse out of the structure and prevent the formation and/or accumulation of plant and animal species build-up that creates biofouling. The instant invention also describes a system for preventing biofouling of an object stored in an aquatic environment which includes the anti-biofouling structure, and a protective cover element constructed and arranged to fit various structures, such as boat propellers.

The present invention relates to silica aerogels with a high to very high loading (55-90% w/w) of encapsulated biocidal and/or biorepellant compounds and very low thermal conductivity and to methods of making and using such aerogels in anti-fouling compositions, which are especially suitable for coatings (marine paints, coatings, sealants, lacquers, wood protection or similar controlled leaching systems) that are naturally exposed to humid conditions and/or water, including sea water, and thus prone to fouling.

A coating composition for a food or beverage container, the coating composition comprising an additive being operable to disrupt the chromophore of a colourant, upon absorption of the said colourant into the cured coating composition.

In an embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a method of coating a substrate to impart antiviral and water resistance to the substrate. In general, the method includes obtaining a substrate and applying a coating composition to the substrate. In some embodiments, the coating composition imparts antiviral and water resistance properties to the substrate. In some embodiments, the coating composition has an antiviral method of action against a virus by causing damage to at least one of a capsid of the virus, an outer envelope of a protein layer of the virus, a spike protein of the virus, a cellular membrane of the virus, or combinations thereof.

The environmental-friendly antifouling agent includes a furan oxime and/or furan oxime metal complex, which has not only good antifouling performance, low toxicity and high efficiency and environmental friendliness. The ecological toxicity of the non-target organism is less than 15% of that of metals such as copper and chromium and organic matters such as benzoxazole, and the excellent barrier property of the furan ring structure itself on small molecules such as oxygen and water vapor can also significantly improve the barrier effect of a coating on a typical corrosive factor. The antifouling agent combined with an antifouling coating system can greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the coating system. Meanwhile, such the antifouling agent is easy to synthesize, can be well compatible with self-polishing resins, corrosion type resins and the like.

According to one or more embodiments, an antifouling material may include a body that includes a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface, wherein at least a portion of the first major surface is textured and includes a nanostructured surface, where the nanostructured surface includes an average surface feature size of less than 100 nm. According to one or more embodiments, the body may include a polymer and a toxin, where the toxin is covalently bonded to the polymer. According to one or more embodiments, the body may include an epoxy and capsaicin.

Methods of protecting a propeller include applying an inner polymer layer onto a propeller. The inner polymer layer is impregnated with a biologically active chemical substance that inhibits biofouling-induced chemical, biological, and bio-proliferative damage and that does not chemically or galvanically interact with a material of the propeller. An outer polymer layer is applied onto the inner polymer layer, the outer polymer layer being impregnated with a biologically active chemical substance that inhibits biofouling-induced chemical, biological, and bio-proliferative damage and that repels biofouling organisms to prevent invasion of the inner polymer layer.

A composition containing 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octylisothiazolin-3-one, an activated carbon having a surface area of at least 700 m.sup.2/g and a cured isocyanate.