The invention relates to a TRPM8 modulator for achieving a cooling effect on the skin or a mucous membrane.

A method for reinforcing a fouling control coating of the invention comprises a step of forming a reinforcing coating (O) by applying and curing a reinforcing coating composition [o], and a step of providing a fouling control coating (X) formed by applying and curing a fouling control coating composition [x], onto the reinforcing coating (O), the reinforcing coating composition [o] comprising an organopolysiloxane (AO) having two or more silanol groups or hydrolyzable groups in the molecule, and a pyrithione salt compound (BO), the fouling control coating composition [x] comprising an organopolysiloxane (AX) having two or more silanol groups or hydrolyzable groups in the molecule, and an antifouling agent (BX), the reinforcing coating (O) giving reinforcement to the coating (X) adhering thereto. According to the present invention, high impact resistance can be imparted to fouling control coatings. As a result, the peeling, chipping and loss of the coatings by external physical damages which are often encountered in the conventional coatings can be remedied, and stable antifouling performance can be obtained.

An aqueous dispersion containing BIT and IPBC prepared using nonionic and anionic surfactants exhibits both chemical and physical stability and is suitable for use as a single product which is capable of imparting to a coating composition a high level of resistance against attack by a broad spectrum of organisms, including bacteria, fungi and algae, in both the wet-state and dry film-state.

Synthetic small molecules from an important class of heterocyclic derivatives and homologs and their use as antifouling agents for protection against marine biofouling. The antifouling compounds disclosed herein are environmentally friendly and are able to reduce marine biofouling without inducing toxic effects to target and non-target species. The claimed antifouling compounds also possess ability to be incorporated as antifouling additives in polymeric formulations. Thus, allowing its further application for the preparation of antifouling polymeric matrices, such as coatings, with no hazard effects for the environment.

Compositions comprising a protein or isolated peptide, and methods using the same for preventing, dispersing or detaching a biofilm, are disclosed.

An anti-fouling coating comprising a polymeric compound, wherein a backbone of the polymeric compound is covalently bonded to a quorum sensing inhibitor, and wherein the anti-fouling coating has substantially no bactericidal activity, the quorum sensing inhibitor is substantially non-leaching from the anti-fouling coating, or both.

The present invention is directed to dirt and anti-microbial resistant compositions and articles that include a powder coating composition formed from a precursor comprising polymeric binder resin, cross-linker, and a blend of liquid carrier and anionic fluorosurfactant. The powder coating may be formed using a liquid-based anionic fluorosurfactant wherein the solids content of the anionic fluorosurfactant within the precursor is from about 13 wt. % to about 28 wt. %.

A perfluoro(poly)ether group containing silane compound represented by the formula (1a) or the formula (1b):
A-Rf—X—SiQ.sub.kY.sub.3-k  (1a)
Y.sub.3-kQ.sub.kSi—X—Rf—X—SiQ.sub.kY.sub.3-k  (1b)
as defined herein. Also disclosed is a process for producing the compound, a surface-treating agent containing the compound, a pellet containing the surface-treating agent and an optical member including a base material and a layer formed on a surface of the base material from the compound.

The invention relates to a method of treatment of a surface to improve the resistance of the surface to fouling from a photosynthetic species, the method comprising treatment of a surface prone to fouling from a photosynthetic organism with a composition comprising a lactam, wherein the composition comprises from 0.0001 to 5 wt. % of a lactam; and, wherein the surface to be treated is selected from metal, plastic or composites; and to the use of the lactam to inhibit growth of a photosynthetic organism on a surface, wherein the surface to be treated is selected from metal, plastic or composites.

A method of treatment of a marine surface to improve the resistance of the surface to fouling from a marine organism, the method comprising treatment of a surface prone to fouling from a marine organism with a composition comprising a lactam, wherein the composition comprises from 0.0005 to 5 wt. % of a lactam; wherein the surface to be treated is selected from steel, light alloy, plastic or composites; and, wherein the marine organism is Vibrio anguillarium, Aspergillus brasiliensis, and Cellulophaga lytica either alone or comprised in a mixture with any other marine organism; to a composition comprising the lactam and to the use of the lactam to inhibit growth of a marine organism on a marine surface, wherein the surface to be treated is selected from steel, light alloy, plastic or composites; and, wherein the marine organism is Vibrio anguillarium, Aspergillus brasiliensis, and Cellulophaga lytica either alone or comprised in a mixture with any other marine organism; and to use of the lactam to impart anti-biofilm properties to a marine surface, wherein the surface to be treated is selected from steel, light alloy, plastic or composites.