The present disclosure provides a production method for an amide group-containing monomer. With the present disclosure, an amide group-containing monomer in which the amount of impurities is low is efficiently produced, the production method including a transesterification reaction step for obtaining an amide group-containing monomer represented by a formula CH.sub.2C(R.sup.11)C(O)OY.sup.1NHC(O)R.sup.12 (in the formula, R.sup.11 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group, or a halogen atom, Y.sup.1 is a 2-4 valent hydrocarbon group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and R.sup.12 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 6-40 carbon atoms) from an amide group-containing alcohol represented by a formula HOY.sup.1NHC(O)R.sup.12 (in the formula, Y.sup.1 is a 2-4 valent hydrocarbon group having 1-6 carbon atoms and R.sup.12 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 6-40 carbon atoms), wherein the total amount of Na, K, and Li present as impurities of the amide group-containing alcohol is equal to or less than 300 ppm.

Described herein are fluid complex coacervates that produce solid adhesives in situ. Oppositely charged polyelectrolytes were designed to form fluid adhesive complex coacervates at ionic strengths higher than the ionic strength of the application site, but an insoluble adhesive solid or gel at the application site. When the fluid, high ionic strength adhesive complex coacervates are introduced into the lower ionic strength application site, the fluid complex coacervate is converted to a an adhesive solid or gel as the salt concentration in the complex coacervate equilibrates to the application site salt concentration. In one embodiment, the fluid complex coacervates are designed to solidify in situ at physiological ionic strength and have numerous medical applications. In other aspects, the fluid complex coacervates can be used in aqueous environment for non-medical applications.

The present invention relates to an antifouling coating composition comprising an ingredient having marine biocidal properties, and at least two different copolymers comprising salt groups. The antifouling coating composition has excellent antifouling properties. The present invention also relates to a method of providing a substrate with antifouling performance in an aqueous environment, and the use of the antifouling coating composition for protection of man-made structures immersed in water.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a copolymer allowing for an antifouling coating composition used for the formation of an environment-friendly antifouling coating film. The antifouling coating composition gives the coating film increased water resistance and can maintain the stable dissolution property and antifouling performance of the coating film without causing coating film defects such as a crack during long-term seawater treatment. An aspect of the present invention provides a copolymer for an antifouling coating composition, including a copolymer (A) having, on a side chain, a group represented by chemical formula (1) and having, on terminal, at least one of a group represented by chemical formula (2) and a group represented by chemical formula (3).

The invention relates an aqueous coating composition comprising an acrylic polymer dissolved in a liquid phase comprising water and a water-miscible solvent, wherein the coating composition comprises at least 50 wt % water, and wherein the acrylic polymer is a film-forming polymer obtainable by free radical polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising in the range of from 30 to 70 wt % of a poly(ethyleneglycol) (meth)acrylic monomer a.; in the range of from 2 to 20 wt % of an alkoxysilyl or alkoxyalkylsilyl functional (meth)acrylic monomer b.; and in the range of from 10 to 68 wt % of a hydrophobic ethylenically unsaturated monomer c. The invention further relates to a substrate coated with such coating composition, to a process for controlling aquatic biofouling on a surface of a man-made object, and to use of such coating composition to control aquatic biofouling on a man-made object.

A composition containing unique particles of copper pyrithione wherein greater than 20 wt % to 90 wt % of the particles have a particle size of greater than 10 microns, as determined by laser light scattering using a particle size distribution analyzer, and wherein the particles are flat acicular needle-shaped is described herein. Also described herein is an antifouling paint containing the copper pyrithione and a method of making the composition and antifouling paint.

This invention provides slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) using nanoporous or microporous and chemically reactive polymer multilayers. This approach permits fabrication of slippery anti-fouling coatings on complex surfaces and provides new means to manipulate the mobilities of contacting aqueous fluids. The results expand the range of tools that can be used to manipulate the behaviors of SLIPS and open the door to new applications of this emerging class of soft materials.

An acrylate coating composition for forming an antifouling coat is provided. The composition comprises (a) a binder comprising a (meth)acrylate polymer, wherein said (meth)acrylate polymer is formed by polymerisation of a monomer mixture comprising an alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer, or mixture of alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers, wherein said alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer, or mixture of alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers are present in said monomer mixture in an amount of at least 90% by weight of said monomer mixture; (b) one or more non-reactive polyoxyalkylene-modified silicone oils; and optionally (c) one or more solvents. A non-erodible antifouling coat, based on such a coating composition, is also provided.

Provided is a silyl polymer-based antifouling coating composition that is capable of forming a coating film in which cracking is inhibited from occurring for a long period from the early stage of immersion in seawater and fresh water and enables to maintain excellent coating film consumption for a long term. The antifouling coating composition includes: a copolymer (A) containing a structural unit (a-1) derived from styrene or the like, a structural unit (a-2) derived from glycidyl (meth)acrylate, and optionally a structural unit (a-3) derived from another ethylenically unsaturated monomer; a polymer (B) containing a structural unit (b-1) derived from a monomer represented by the following Formula (b1):

##STR00001##

wherein X is a hydrogen atom or a carboxyl group; R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sup.2 to R.sup.6, which may be the same as or different from each other, are C.sub.1-C.sub.6 straight or branched chain alkyl; and n is an integer of 0 or 1 or more; and an antifoulant.

A composite material of resinfluorine-containing boric acid composite particles comprising a resin, and a condensate of boric acid and a fluorine-containing alcohol represented by the general formula R.sub.F-A-OH (wherein R.sub.F is a perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, or a polyfluoroalkyl group, in which some of the fluorine atom or atoms of the perfluoroalkyl group are replaced by a hydrogen atom or hydrogen atoms, and which contains a terminal perfluoroalkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms and a perfluoroalkylene group having 6 or less carbon atoms; and A is an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or comprising a resin, and a condensate of boric acid, the said fluorine-containing alcohol and an alkoxysilane at a molar ratio of 1.0 or less based on the fluorine-containing alcohol. These composite materials of resinfluorine-containing boric acid composite particles has good adhesion to inorganic substrates, and the like.