An image forming method is provided that includes: applying, on a base, an active energy ray-curable composition A containing a polymerizable monomer having a phosphoric ester group and a polyester resin; curing the active energy ray-curable composition A; applying, on a cured object of the active energy ray-curable composition A, an active energy ray-curable composition B containing a multifunctional polymerizable compound having two or more polymerizable functional groups in its molecule; and curing the active energy ray-curable composition B.

An image forming method is provided that includes: applying, on a base, an active energy ray-curable composition A containing a polymerizable monomer having a phosphoric ester group and a polyester resin; curing the active energy ray-curable composition A; applying, on a cured object of the active energy ray-curable composition A, an active energy ray-curable composition B containing a multifunctional polymerizable compound having two or more polymerizable functional groups in its molecule; and curing the active energy ray-curable composition B.

An image forming method according to an aspect of the present invention includes supplying a water based ink to an inkjet head at a flow rate of 5 mL/min or more and 120 mL/min or less, and ejecting the supplied water based ink from a nozzle of the inkjet head. The water based ink contains a colorant and a water-insoluble resin having a glass transition temperature of 40° C. or higher and 100° C. or lower.

Provided is an aqueous ink for ink jet containing a pigment and a resin particle that disperses the pigment. The cumulative 50% particle size of the resin particle in a volume-based particle size distribution is 10 nm or less. The resin particle has a crosslinking structure. The ratio of the cumulative 50% particle size of the pigment in a volume-based particle size distribution to the cumulative 50% particle size of the resin particle in a volume-based particle size distribution is 3.0 times or more to 8.0 times or less. Also, provided are an ink cartridge and an ink jet recording method using this aqueous ink.

An aqueous resin particle dispersion, the resin comprises a repeating unit according to general formula (I). The resin particles can be incorporated in aqueous printing liquids such as aqueous inkjet inks.

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Provided is an aqueous ink for ink jet containing coloring material-particle and resin particle. The resin particle is formed from a crystalline polyester resin having carboxylic acid groups. A difference between a 50% cumulative particle diameter (D.sub.50C) in a volume-based particle size distribution of the coloring material-particle and a 50% cumulative particle diameter (D.sub.50R) in a volume-based particle size distribution of the resin particle (D.sub.50C-D.sub.50R) is 10 nm or more. In addition, an ink cartridge and an ink jet recording method using this aqueous ink are provided.

A process of manufacturing a three-dimensional object includes a step of depositing and solidifying molten polyvinyl alcohol to form a support structure; and a step of depositing and solidifying a molten thermoplastic polymer on the support structure to form a three-dimensional preform. The support structure has a mixture of at least 50% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and at most 50% by weight of at least one polymer of polyvinyl butyral, polylactid acid, ethylene-vinylalcohol-vinylacetate terpolymer, vinyl acetate-vinyl pyrrolidone copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer, polycaprolactone, vinyl acetate-vinyl caprolactame copolymer, and polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis DH of 30-65%. The support structure can be dissolved to form the three-dimensional object.

A process of manufacturing a three-dimensional object includes a step of depositing and solidifying molten polyvinyl alcohol to form a support structure; and a step of depositing and solidifying a molten thermoplastic polymer on the support structure to form a three-dimensional preform. The support structure has a mixture of at least 50% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and at most 50% by weight of at least one polymer of polyvinyl butyral, polylactid acid, ethylene-vinylalcohol-vinylacetate terpolymer, vinyl acetate-vinyl pyrrolidone copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer, polycaprolactone, vinyl acetate-vinyl caprolactame copolymer, and polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis DH of 30-65%. The support structure can be dissolved to form the three-dimensional object.

An ink composition useful for digital offset printing applications includes a colorant and a high viscosity thickening agent. The ink is formulated to incorporate polyester viscosity modifier to help meet the requirement of two different viscosity or temperature pairs at two different stages of the process. In digital offset printing a bulk ink is first transferred onto an anilox roll, and then from the anilox roll onto the imaging cylinder blanket. During the bulk ink to anilox roll the disclosed ink has a low viscosity while the transfer from roll to imaging blanket the ink has a higher viscosity. The addition of the polyester viscosity modifier increases the viscosity difference within the allowable temperature range, thus, increasing process latitude and robustness.

An ink composition useful for digital offset printing applications includes a colorant and a high viscosity thickening agent. The ink is formulated to incorporate polyester viscosity modifier to help meet the requirement of two different viscosity or temperature pairs at two different stages of the process. In digital offset printing a bulk ink is first transferred onto an anilox roll, and then from the anilox roll onto the imaging cylinder blanket. During the bulk ink to anilox roll the disclosed ink has a low viscosity while the transfer from roll to imaging blanket the ink has a higher viscosity. The addition of the polyester viscosity modifier increases the viscosity difference within the allowable temperature range, thus, increasing process latitude and robustness.