A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) composition having a first thermally active polymer having a melting point of 30-70° C. and providing a first PTC in a lower temperature range below 70° C., and a second thermally active polymer having a melting point of 70-140° C. and providing a second PTC in a higher temperature range above 70° C., the composition also having conductive particles; and an organic solvent with a boiling point higher than 100° C., solvent being capable of dissolving both the first and second thermally active polymer. The PTC composition has two distinct PTC characteristics at the two different temperature ranges.

Described herein is a printed photovoltaic cell comprising an anode; an LEP printed cathode; and an LEP printed photovoltaic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The photovoltaic layer comprises a material with a perovskite structure having a chemical formula selected from ABX.sub.3 and A.sub.2BX.sub.6 and a thermoplastic resin comprising a copolymer of an alkylene monomer and a monomer having acidic side groups; and/or a copolymer of an alkylene monomer and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising an epoxide; and/or a copolymer of an alkylene monomer, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising an epoxide, and a monomer selected from a monomer having acidic side groups, a monomer having ester side groups and a mixture thereof. The printed cathode comprises: a thermoplastic resin; and electrically conductive metal particles. Also described herein is a method of producing the printed photovoltaic cell and an ink set for use in the method.

Described herein is a liquid electrophotographic photovoltaic ink composition comprising: a dispersion of a material with a perovskite structure, a thermoplastic resin and conductive particles in a carrier liquid; wherein the material with a perovskite structure has a chemical formula selected from ABX.sub.3 and A.sub.2BX.sub.6; wherein A is a cation, B is a cation and X is an anion; and wherein the thermoplastic resin comprises: a copolymer of an alkylene monomer and a monomer having acidic side groups; and/or a copolymer of an alkylene monomer and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising an epoxide; and/or a copolymer of an alkylene monomer, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising an epoxide, and a monomer selected from a monomer having acidic side groups, a monomer having ester side groups and a mixture thereof. Also described is a method of producing a photovoltaic cell using the LEP ink and the printed cell produced by the method.

The present invention has an object to provide a modified polyolefin resin capable of forming a coating film that is excellent in water-resistant adhesiveness under a high temperature condition. The present invention provides a modified polyolefin resin including a graft-modified product in which a component (A) that is a polyolefin resin is graft-modified with a component (B) that is an α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, and having a tensile modulus of 250 MPa or higher, and a weight-average molecular weight of 70,000 or more and less than 200,000.

The present invention relates to an aqueous ink for plate-based printing, which contains the following components (A) to (C) and water: (A) not less than 1% by mass and not more than 15% by mass of a pigment; (B) not less than 1% by mass and not more than 12% by mass of pigment-free crosslinked polymer particles; and (C) not less than 1% by mass and not more than 15% by mass of a water-soluble organic solvent having a boiling point of not lower than 100° C. and not higher than 260°, and a plate-based printing method including the step of printing characters or images on a low-liquid absorbing printing medium using the aforementioned aqueous ink. The aqueous ink for plate-based printing according to the present invention hardly suffers from occurrence of tone jump and is excellent in anti-blocking properties even when printed on a low-liquid absorbing printing medium.

The present invention relates to an aqueous ink for plate-based printing, which contains the following components (A) to (C) and water: (A) not less than 1% by mass and not more than 15% by mass of a pigment; (B) not less than 1% by mass and not more than 12% by mass of pigment-free crosslinked polymer particles; and (C) not less than 1% by mass and not more than 15% by mass of a water-soluble organic solvent having a boiling point of not lower than 100° C. and not higher than 260°, and a plate-based printing method including the step of printing characters or images on a low-liquid absorbing printing medium using the aforementioned aqueous ink. The aqueous ink for plate-based printing according to the present invention hardly suffers from occurrence of tone jump and is excellent in anti-blocking properties even when printed on a low-liquid absorbing printing medium.

According to the present disclosure, an ink jet recording method includes depositing a resin liquid onto a non-absorption or low-absorption recording media and depositing an aqueous ink composition onto the recording medium by using an ink jet method, the recording medium including the resin liquid deposited on the recording medium, the aqueous ink composition having a total content of organic solvents of less than or equal to 12.0 mass % relative to the total mass of the aqueous ink composition.

According to the present disclosure, an ink jet recording method includes depositing a resin liquid onto a non-absorption or low-absorption recording media and depositing an aqueous ink composition onto the recording medium by using an ink jet method, the recording medium including the resin liquid deposited on the recording medium, the aqueous ink composition having a total content of organic solvents of less than or equal to 12.0 mass % relative to the total mass of the aqueous ink composition.

A method of producing a material with a perovskite structure on a substrate by liquid electrophotographic printing comprises: either liquid electrophotographically printing onto the substrate a composition comprising a dispersion of a salt AX and a thermoplastic resin in a carrier liquid; liquid electrophotographically printing onto the substrate a composition comprising a dispersion of a salt selected from BX2 and BX4 and a thermoplastic resin in a carrier liquid; and heat treating the printed compositions to form the material with a perovskite structure; or liquid electrophotographically printing onto the substrate a composition comprising a dispersion of a material with a perovskite structure and a thermoplastic resin in a carrier liquid to form the material with a perovskite structure; wherein A is a cation, B is a cation and X is an anion; wherein the thermoplastic resin comprises a copolymer of an alkylene monomer and a monomer having acidic side groups.

There is provided a rubber composition for additive manufacturing that allows a rubber shaped article to be favorably produced using an additive manufacturing apparatus, and allows the obtained rubber shaped article to achieve both high mechanical strength and excellent elongation. The rubber composition for additive manufacturing comprises a liquid rubber, an amine-based urethane acrylate oligomer, and a monomer, wherein a total content of the amine-based urethane acrylate oligomer and the monomer is 30 parts by mass or more, per 100 parts by mass of the liquid rubber.