Methods for forming latexes are provided. In embodiments, such a method comprises adding a first portion of a monomer emulsion comprising water, a monomer, an acidic monomer, a multifunctional monomer, and a first reactive surfactant to a reactive surfactant solution comprising water and a second reactive surfactant to form a reaction mixture, wherein the reactive surfactant solution does not comprise monomers other than the second reactive surfactant; adding a first portion of an initiator solution to the reaction mixture so that monomers undergo polymerization reactions to form resin seeds in the reaction mixture; adding a second portion of the monomer emulsion to the reaction mixture comprising the resin seeds; and adding a second portion of the initiator solution to the reaction mixture to form a latex comprising resin particles.

A cationic electrodeposition paint composition comprising a cationic base-containing resin (A), a blocked polyisocyanate compound (B), and a modified imidazole (C) having a specific structure, wherein the cationic base-containing resin (A) is a cationic base-containing epoxy resin and/or a cationic base-containing acrylic resin.

A cationic electrodeposition paint composition comprising a cationic base-containing resin (A), a blocked polyisocyanate compound (B), and a modified imidazole (C) having a specific structure, wherein the cationic base-containing resin (A) is a cationic base-containing epoxy resin and/or a cationic base-containing acrylic resin.

A process for preparing an aqueous polymer dispersion, wherein the process comprising free-radically initiated emulsion polymerization in an aqueous medium, in the presence of at least one vinyl polymer A, to obtain a polymer B comprising a vinyl polymer phase B1 with a glass transition temperature of from −20 to +15° C. and a vinyl polymer phase B2 with a glass transition temperature of from +50 to +110° C., with the proviso that the difference in glass transition temperature between polymer B1 and polymer B2 is at least 40° C., wherein the weight ratio of polymer B1 to polymer B2 is from 80:10 to 10:20, wherein the at least one polymer A is obtained by a process comprising: free-radically initiated bulk or solution polymerizing of: from 5 to 25 wt. % of at least one carboxylic acid functional ethylenically unsaturated monomer A1, and from 75 to 95 wt. % of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer A2 different than monomer A1, where the amounts are given relative to the total weight of monomers charged in the polymerization to prepare the vinyl polymer A, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the polymer A is lower than the weight average molecular weight of the polymer B, and wherein the weight ratio of polymer A to polymer B is from 10:90 to 40:60.

A process for preparing an aqueous polymer dispersion, wherein the process comprising free-radically initiated emulsion polymerization in an aqueous medium, in the presence of at least one vinyl polymer A, to obtain a polymer B comprising a vinyl polymer phase B1 with a glass transition temperature of from −20 to +15° C. and a vinyl polymer phase B2 with a glass transition temperature of from +50 to +110° C., with the proviso that the difference in glass transition temperature between polymer B1 and polymer B2 is at least 40° C., wherein the weight ratio of polymer B1 to polymer B2 is from 80:10 to 10:20, wherein the at least one polymer A is obtained by a process comprising: free-radically initiated bulk or solution polymerizing of: from 5 to 25 wt. % of at least one carboxylic acid functional ethylenically unsaturated monomer A1, and from 75 to 95 wt. % of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer A2 different than monomer A1, where the amounts are given relative to the total weight of monomers charged in the polymerization to prepare the vinyl polymer A, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the polymer A is lower than the weight average molecular weight of the polymer B, and wherein the weight ratio of polymer A to polymer B is from 10:90 to 40:60.

A radiative cooling composition comprises a first component having >55% reflectance in a wavelength range of 0.2 to 2.5 μm and a second component having >0.85 peak thermal emissivity for at least one wavelength in a range of 4-35 μm. A third pigmented component of the composition is configured to emit at least a fraction of absorbed energy, and in certain embodiments the pigmented component comprises at least one phosphor.

A radiative cooling composition comprises a first component having >55% reflectance in a wavelength range of 0.2 to 2.5 μm and a second component having >0.85 peak thermal emissivity for at least one wavelength in a range of 4-35 μm. A third pigmented component of the composition is configured to emit at least a fraction of absorbed energy, and in certain embodiments the pigmented component comprises at least one phosphor.

The invention relates to thermoplastic molding composition, comprising the components (a), (b) and (c) and optionally (d), comprising (a) 90 to 99.5% by weight of at least one copolymer (a), which comprises 30 to 90% by weight of vinylaromatic monomer (a1), and 10 to 70%by weight of methyl methacrylate (a2); (b) 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of at least two dye components (b1) and (b2) of different color families, soluble in the thermoplastic molding composition; (c) 0.01 to 5% by weight of carbon black pigment (c) and (d) optionally up to 5% by weight of one or more further additives (d), where the thermoplastic composition has a deep-black color with L*-values from 0.5 to 2.0 as measured with 45°/0° geometry, a high gloss of more than 93.0 and wherein the total weight of components (a) to (d) give a total of 100 percent by weight.

The invention relates to thermoplastic molding composition, comprising the components (a), (b) and (c) and optionally (d), comprising (a) 90 to 99.5% by weight of at least one copolymer (a), which comprises 30 to 90% by weight of vinylaromatic monomer (a1), and 10 to 70%by weight of methyl methacrylate (a2); (b) 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of at least two dye components (b1) and (b2) of different color families, soluble in the thermoplastic molding composition; (c) 0.01 to 5% by weight of carbon black pigment (c) and (d) optionally up to 5% by weight of one or more further additives (d), where the thermoplastic composition has a deep-black color with L*-values from 0.5 to 2.0 as measured with 45°/0° geometry, a high gloss of more than 93.0 and wherein the total weight of components (a) to (d) give a total of 100 percent by weight.

An undercoat agent including a block copolymer having a plurality of blocks bonded formed on a substrate. The undercoat agent contains a resin component that includes a structural unit having an aromatic ring and a structural unit having no aromatic ring, and the resin component includes a group which can interact with the substrate and does not include a 3 to 7-membered, ether-containing cyclic group; and a method of forming a pattern of a layer containing a block copolymer. The method includes applying an undercoat agent to a substrate to form a layer containing the undercoat agent; forming a layer containing a block copolymer having multiple blocks bonded on a surface of the layer containing the undercoat agent, followed by a phase separation of the layer containing the block copolymer; and selectively removing a phase containing at least one block of multiple blocks constituting the block copolymer.