A coating composition includes: (i) a film-forming resin; (ii) an infrared reflective pigment; and (iii) an infrared fluorescent pigment different from the infrared reflective pigment. When the coating composition is cured to form a coating and exposed to radiation comprising fluorescence-exciting radiation, the coating has a greater effective solar reflectance (ESR) compared to the same coating exposed to the radiation comprising fluorescence-exciting radiation except without the infrared fluorescent pigment. A multi-layer coating including the coating composition, and a substrate at least partially coated with the coating composition is also disclosed. A method of reducing temperature of an article includes applying the coating composition to at least a portion of the article.

A system and method measures subterranean stress. The system and method includes a cement mixture that is mixed with water to set as a solid and a stress measuring-medium having piezospectroscopic properties that directly reveals stress in situ within the cement mixture in response to a photo stimulation. The stress measuring-medium combines with the cement mixture as a dry blend before being combined with water.

An object of the present invention is to provide an infrared light-emitting phosphor which emits light in a wavelength range where the sensitivity of a detector is high by combination with a semiconductor light-emitting element that emits light in the visible light region, and to provide an infrared light-emitting device using the infrared light-emitting phosphor. The object can be achieved with a light-emitting device including a semiconductor light-emitting element that emits ultraviolet light or visible light and a phosphor that absorbs ultraviolet light or visible light emitted from the semiconductor light-emitting element and emits light in the infrared region, wherein an emission peak wavelength in the infrared region of the phosphor emitting in the infrared region is from 750 to 1,050 nm, and the half width of an emission peak waveform is more than 50 nm.

Provided are a light emitting device and an illumination device. The light emitting device is provided with a light emitting element having a light emission peak wavelength in a wavelength range of 380 nm or more and 490 nm or less, a first fluorescent material which is excited by the light from the light emitting element to emit light having at least one light emission peak wavelength in a wavelength range of 580 nm or more and less than 680, and a second fluorescent material which is excited by the light from the light emitting element to emit light having at least one light emission peak wavelength in a wavelength range of 680 nm or more and 800 nm or less, wherein a ratio R/B of a photon flux R of red light in a wavelength range of 620 nm or more and less than 700 nm to a photon flux B of blue light in a wavelength range of 400 nm or more and 490 nm or less is more than 4 and 50 or less, a ratio R/Fr of the photon flux R to a photon flux Fr of far-red light in a wavelength range of 700 nm or more and 780 nm or less is 0.1 or more and 10 or less, and the second fluorescent material contains at least one fluorescent material selected from the group consisting of a first aluminate fluorescent material and a second aluminate fluorescent material.

Provided is an oxide phosphor having a light emission peak in a wavelength range from red light to near-infrared light. An oxide phosphor having a composition represented by Formula (1): (Li.sub.1?uM.sup.1.sub.u).sub.2M.sup.2.sub.vM.sup.3.sub.wO.sub.x:Cr.sub.y,M.sup.4.sub.z (1). wherein M.sup.1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Rb and Cs; M.sup.2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn; M.sup.3 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, Ti, Zr, Sn, and Hf; M.sup.4 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Eu, Fe, Mn, Nd, Tm, Ho, Er, and Yb; and u, v, w, x, y, and z satisfy 0?u?1.0, 0.8?v?3.0, 1.8?w?6, 5.4?x?16, 0.005?y?1.0, and 0?z?0.5, respectively.

A light-emitting device includes a light-emitting element and a phosphor that absorbs at least a portion of light from the light-emitting element and emits light. The phosphor includes two or more types of phosphors each having a light emission peak wavelength in a different range. The two or more types of phosphors are selected from the group consisting of a first phosphor having a light emission peak wavelength within a first range of 700 nm to less than 800 nm, a second phosphor having a light emission peak wavelength within a second range of 800 nm to less than 1100 nm, and a third phosphor having a light emission peak wavelength within a third range of 1100 nm to less than 1500 nm.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising a fluorescent material and a matrix material, a color conversion sheet and a light emitting diode device. The present invention further relates to the use of the composition in a color conversion sheet fabrication process, to the use of the color conversion sheet in optical devices or for agriculture purposes, and to the use of the fluorescent material and the matrix material in light emitting diode devices. Additionally, the invention relates to an optical device comprising the color conversion sheet and to a method for preparing the color conversion sheet and the optical device.

Provided is an oxide phosphor having a light emission peak wavelength of 800 nm or greater. The oxide phosphor has a composition containing Mg, Ga, O, and Cr, and optionally containing a first element M.sup.1, a second element M.sup.2, and a third element M.sup.3. When a total molar ratio of Ga, Cr, the second element M.sup.2, and the third element M.sup.3 per mole of the composition of the oxide phosphor is 2, the molar ratio of Mg or the molar ratio of a total of Mg and the first element M.sup.1 is in a range from 0.7 to 1.3, the molar ratio of O is in a range of 3.7 to 4.3, and the molar ratio of Cr is in a range greater than 0.02 and 0.3 or less. The oxide phosphor has a light emission peak wavelength in a range of 800 nm to 1600 nm in a light emission spectrum.

The present invention provides for a composition comprising a pigment, wherein the composition is suitable for coating a surface that is, or is expected to be, exposed to the sun. The pigment comprises particles that fluoresce in sunlight, thereby remaining cooler in the sun than coatings pigmented with non-fluorescent particles. The particles comprise solids that fluoresce or glow in the visible or near infrared (NIR) spectra, or that fluoresce when doped. Suitable dopants include, but are not limited to, ions of rare earths and transition metals.

A light emitting device includes a light source that emits a primary light having a light energy density exceeding 0.5W/mm.sup.2, and a first phosphor that absorbs the primary light to convert the primary light into a first wavelength-converted light having a wavelength longer than that of the primary light. The first phosphor includes a compound serving as a host, the compound being a simple oxide including one kind of metal element or a composite oxide including a plurality of different kinds of the simple oxide as an end member. When an energy conversion value at a peak wavelength of the primary light is E1 electron volts and an energy conversion value at a fluorescence peak wavelength of the first wavelength-converted light is E2 electron volts, a bandgap energy of a crystal of the simple oxide is larger than a sum of the E1 electron volts and the E2 electron volts.