A light-emitting device is provided. The light-emitting device includes a light-emitting element having a peak light-emitting wavelength in the range of 440 nm to 470 nm, and a fluorescent member. The fluorescent member includes a first fluorescent material having a peak light-emitting wavelength in the range of 480 nm to less than 520 nm, a second fluorescent material having a peak light-emitting wavelength in the range of 520 nm to less than 600 nm, and a third fluorescent material having a peak light-emitting wavelength in the range of 600 nm to 670 nm. The light-emitting device has a ratio of an effective radiant intensity for melatonin secretion suppression to an effective radiant intensity for blue-light retinal damage of 1.53 to 1.70 when the light-emitting device emits light with a correlated color temperature of 2700 K to less than 3500 K; 1.40 to 1.70 when the light-emitting device emits light with a correlated color temperature of 3500 K to less than 4500 K; 1.40 to 1.70 when the light-emitting device emits light with a correlated color temperature of 4500 K to less than 5700 K; and 1.35 to 1.65 when the light-emitting device emits light with a correlated color temperature of 5700 K to 7200 K.

A luminophore may have the general molecular formula Na.sub.vK.sub.xRb.sub.yLi.sub.zCs.sub.w (Li.sub.3SiO.sub.4)4:E, where: v+x+y+z+w = 4; 0 < v < 4; 0 < x < 4; 0 < y < 4; 0 < z < 4; 0 < w < 4; and E = Eu, Ce, Yb, Mn, or combinations thereof.

The present invention relates to the use of an inorganic phosphor to increase the yield of corn or soy cultivation promoted by the use of at least one fungicide, said inorganic phosphor exhibiting: a maximum in the emission spectrum in the range of wavelengths between 400 nm and 500 nm; an absorption Abs in the visible range which is equal to or less than 15.0%, preferably equal to or less than 10.0%, even more particularly equal to or less than 3.0%; and an internal quantum efficiency (IQE) measured in the range of wavelengths between 300 nm and 410 nm which is equal to or greater than 50.0%, more particularly greater than 75.0%, even more particularly greater than 90.0%.

A luminophore having the general empirical formula X′.sub.1−xA′.sub.y(Al.sub.1+zA′.sub.3−z) O.sub.4:E′ that crystallizes in a tetragonal crystal system. X′ may be Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and combinations thereof; A′ may be Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and combinations thereof; E′ may be Eu, Ce, Yb, Mn, and combinations thereof; 0<x<0.25; y≤x; and z=0.5(2x−y).

According to one embodiment, a white light source includes a combination of a light emitting diode and phosphors. One of the phosphors is at least a cerium activated yttrium aluminum garnet-based phosphor. There is no light emission spectrum peak at which a ratio of a largest maximum value to a minimum value is greater than 1.9. The largest maximum value is largest among at least one maximum value present in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 500 nm in a light emission spectrum of white light emitted from the white light source. The minimum value is adjacent to the largest maximum value in a longer wavelength side of the light emission spectrum.

Green-emitting phosphors are useful in devices including an LED light source radiationally coupled and/or optically coupled to the phosphors, which are selected from [Ba.sub.1−a−bSr.sub.aCa.sub.b].sub.x[Mg,Zn].sub.y(UO.sub.2).sub.z([P,V]O.sub.4).sub.2(x+y+z)/3, where 0≤a≤1, 0≤b≤1, 0.75≤x≤1.25, 0.75≤y≤1.25, 0.75≤z≤1.25; and [Ba,Sr,Ca,Mg,Zn].sub.p(UO.sub.2).sub.q[P,V].sub.rO.sub.(2p+2q+5r)/2, where 2.5≤p≤3.5, 1.75≤q≤2.25, 3.5≤r≤4.5.

Bulk assemblies are provided, which may have desirable photoluminescence quantum efficiencies. The bulk assemblies may include two or more metal halides, and a wide band gap organic network. The wide band gap organic network may include organic cations. The metal halides may be disposed in the wide band gap organic network. Light emitting composite materials also are provided.

A phosphor is specified. The phosphor has the general molecular formula: (MA).sub.a(MB).sub.b(MC).sub.c(MD).sub.d(TA).sub.e(TB).sub.f(TC).sub.g(TD).sub.h(TE).sub.i(TF).sub.j(XA).sub.k(XB).sub.l(XC).sub.m(XD).sub.n:E. In this case, MA is selected from a group of monovalent metals, MB is selected from a group of divalent metals, MC is selected from a group of trivalent metals, MD is selected from a group of tetravalent metals, TA is selected from a group of monovalent metals, TB is selected from a group of divalent metals, TC is selected from a group of trivalent metals, TD is selected from a group of tetravalent metals, TE is selected from a group of pentavalent elements, TF is selected from a group of hexavalent elements, XA is selected from a group of elements which comprises halogens, XB is selected from a group of elements which comprises O, S and combinations thereof, -E=Eu, Ce, Yb and/or Mn, XC═N and XD=C. The following furthermore hold true: a+b+c+d=t; e+f+g+h+i+j=u; k+l+m+n=v; a+2b+3c+4d+e+2f+3g+4h+5i+6j−k−2l−3m−4n=w; 0.8≤t≤1; 3.5≤u≤4; 3.5≤v≤4; (−0.2)≤w≤0.2 and 0≤m<0.875 v and/or v≥l>0.125 v.

The present invention discloses a nitrogen-containing luminescent particle, characterized in that a structure of the nitrogen-containing luminescent particle is divided into an oxygen poor zone, a transition zone, and an oxygen rich zone from a core to an outer surface of the particle depending on an increasing oxygen content, the oxygen poor zone being predominantly a nitride luminescent crystal or oxygen-containing solid solution thereof, the transition zone being predominantly a nitroxide material, the oxygen rich zone being predominantly an oxide material or oxynitride material; the nitride luminescent crystal or oxygen-containing solid solution thereof has a chemical formula of M.sub.m-m1A.sub.a1B.sub.b1O.sub.o1N.sub.n1:R.sub.m1, the nitroxide material has a chemical formula of M.sub.m-m2A.sub.a2B.sub.b2O.sub.o2N.sub.n2:R.sub.m2, the oxide material or oxynitride material has a chemical formula of M.sub.m-m3A.sub.a3B.sub.b3O.sub.o3N.sub.n3:R.sub.m3. The nitrogen-containing luminescent particle and the nitrogen-containing illuminant of the present invention have good chemical stability, good aging and light decay resistance, and high luminescent efficiency, and are useful for various luminescent devices. The manufacturing method of the present invention is easy and reliable, and useful for industrial mass production.

A light emission device including a light emitting element having a light emission peak wavelength in a range of 400 nm or more and 490 nm or less; and a fluorescent member including a first fluorescent material having a light emission peak wavelength in a range of 510 nm or more and less than 580 nm, a second fluorescent material having a light emission peak wavelength in a range of 580 nm or more and 680 nm or less and a full width at half maximum of 15 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and a third fluorescent material having a light emission peak wavelength in a range of 600 nm or more and 650 nm or less and a full width at half maximum of 14 nm or less, and having a melanopic ratio (MR) value in a specified range at a certain correlated color temperature.