Bulk assemblies are provided, which may have desirable photoluminescence quantum efficiencies. The bulk assemblies may include two or more metal halides, and a wide band gap organic network. The wide band gap organic network may include organic cations. The metal halides may be disposed in the wide band gap organic network. Light emitting composite materials also are provided.

The present disclosure provides methods for generating tunable white light with controllable circadian energy performance. The methods use a plurality of LED to generate light with color points that fall within blue, yellow/green, red, and cyan color ranges, with each LED being driven with a separately controllable drive current in order to tune the generated light output. Different light emitting modes can be selected that utilize different combinations of the plurality of LED in order to tune the generated white light.

A phosphor which has a main crystal phase having the same crystal structure as that of CaAlSiN.sub.3, wherein the phosphor satisfies conditions of a span value (d90−d10)/d50 of 1.70 or less and a d50 of 10.0 μm or less, as represented with d10, d50, and d90 on a volume frequency measured according to a laser diffraction method; wherein the d10, d50, and d90 on a volume frequency in a particle distribution measured are each a measured by loading 0.5 g of a phosphor into 100 ml of a solution of 0.05% by weight of sodium hexametaphosphate mixed in ion exchange water, and subjecting the resultant to a dispersing treatment for 3 minutes with an ultrasonic homogenizer at an oscillation frequency of 19.5±1 kHz, a chip size of 20φ, and an amplitude of vibration of 32±2 μm, with a chip placed at a central portion.

A white light emitting device, a light bar and a light apparatus. A relative spectrum of the white light emitting device is ϕ(λ). A relative spectrum of a black body radiation with a corresponding color temperature is S(λ). An area normalization is performed on φ(λ) and S(λ) to convert an equal energy spectrum φ′(λ) of the white light emitting device and an equal energy spectrum S′(λ) of the black body radiation with the corresponding color temperature. A degree of similarity R of the equal energy spectrum of the white light emitting device and the equal energy spectrum of the black body radiation satisfies the following formula:

[00001]$R=1-\frac{{\Sigma }_{\lambda i}^{\lambda n}.Math.S^{\prime }\left(\lambda \right)-{\Phi }^{\prime }\left(\lambda \right).Math.}{{\Sigma }_{\lambda i}^{\lambda n}{S}^{\prime }\left(\lambda \right)},$

when λi is 380 nm, λn is 680 nm, R≥85%.

A light emitting device includes a first light source containing a first light emitting element, and a second light source containing a second light emitting element and a second fluorescent material, the first light source emits light in a region that is demarcated in a chromaticity diagram of the CIE 1931 color coordinate system by a first straight line connecting a first point having x,y of 0.280, 0.070 in the chromaticity coordinate and a second point having x,y of 0.280, 0.500 in the chromaticity coordinate, a second straight line connecting the second point and a third point having x,y of 0.013, 0.500 in the chromaticity coordinate, a purple boundary extending from the first point toward a direction in which x decreases in the chromaticity coordinate, and a spectrum locus extending from the third point toward a direction in which y decreases in the chromaticity coordinate, in a light emission spectrum, a light emission intensity ratio I.sub.PM/I.sub.PL of a light emission intensity I.sub.PM at a wavelength of 490 nm with respect to a light emission intensity I.sub.PL at a maximum light emission peak wavelength of the first light emitting element is in a range of 0.22 or more and 0.95 or less, the second light source emits light having a color deviation duv from a blackbody radiation locus in a range of −0.02 or more and 0.02 or less measured according to JIS Z8725 with a correlated color temperature in a range of 1,500 K or more and 8,000 K or less in a chromaticity diagram of the CIE 1931 color coordinate system, and the light emitting device emits mixed color light of light emitted from the first light source and light emitted from the second light source.

A phosphor plate including a base material, and a plate-shaped composite including phosphors dispersed in the base material, in which a main component of the base material is alumina, the phosphor includes an α-type sialon phosphor, and L* value satisfies 73.5 or more and 85.0 or less, a* value satisfies 4.4 or more and 8.0 or less, and b* value satisfies 10.8 or more and 13.0 or less in L*a*b* color coordinates of the phosphor plate in a case of being measured in accordance with JIS Z 8781-4.

A detecting device is provided; which includes: a substrate; a plurality of photo sensors disposed on the substrate; and a stress luminescent layer disposed on at least one of the plurality of photo sensors.

A lighting device is specified. The lighting device comprises a phosphor having the general molecular formula (MA).sub.a(MB).sub.b(MC).sub.c(MD).sub.d(TA).sub.e(TB).sub.f(TC).sub.g(TD).sub.h(TE).sub.i(TF).sub.j(XA).sub.k(XB).sub.l(XC).sub.m(XD).sub.n:E. In this case, MA is selected from a group of monovalent metals, MB is selected from a group of divalent metals, MC is selected from a group of trivalent metals, MD is selected from a group of tetravalent metals, TA is selected from a group of monovalent metals, TB is selected from a group of divalent metals, TC is selected from a group of trivalent metals, TD is selected from a group of tetravalent metals, TE is selected from a group of pentavalent elements, TF is selected from a group of hexavalent elements, XA is selected from a group of elements which comprises halogens, XB is selected from a group of elements which comprises O, S and combinations thereof, XC=N and XD=C and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and/or Mn. The following furthermore hold true: a+b+c+d=t; e+f+g+h+i+j=u; k+l+m+n=v;

a+2b+3c+4d+e+2f+3g+4h+5i+6j−k−2l−3m−4n=w; 0.8≤t≤1;
−3.5≤u≤4; 3.5≤v≤4; (−0.2)≤w≤0.2 and
0≤m<0.875 v and/or v≥1>0.125 v.

A modified phosphor is described comprising phosphor particles and at least one amphiphilic agent. Compositions comprising the modified phosphor and at least one polymer are also described.

A multicolor light-storing ceramic for fire-protection indication and a preparation method thereof are provided. The preparation method includes: adding a glass based raw material, a light-storing powder, a dispersant and an alumina powder into a granulator, adding water mixed with a pore-forming agent and then mechanically stirring for granulation; adding a plasticizer after the stirring of 4˜8 h, and continuing the stirring for 1˜3 h to thereby obtain a mixture; packing the mixture into a mold and performing tableting; demolding and obtaining a light-storing self-luminous quartz ceramic by drying and firing using a kiln; printing a pattern onto a surface of the ceramic and then curing to obtain a light-storing ceramic for indication sign. Using an industrial waste glass has advantages of low sintering temperature and green environmental protection; dispersed pores and alumina introduced as scattering sources improves light absorption efficiency, fluorescence output phase ratio and light transmission of the ceramic.