A stretch-measurement probe includes an elongate outer sleeve, expansion feature associated with a distal portion of the outer sleeve, and an elongate inner rod disposed at least partially within the outer sleeve. The expansion feature is configured to allow a longitudinal distance between a proximal end of the outer sleeve and the distal end of the outer sleeve to be varied.

Methods and systems for preparing a bone for a cementless joint implant are described. A first bone removal operation is performed using a burring device that has a first plurality of settings. The settings for the burring device are adjusted to a second plurality of settings, and a second bone removal operation is performed using the burring device. The adjustment to the settings may allow a surgeon to perform bulk bone removal in the first instance and fine bone removal in the second instance. The process of adjusting and performing subsequent bone removal operations may be performed any number of times during the bone preparation process. The adjustments to the settings may be received automatically from a computer-assisted surgical system, manually entered by a medical professional, or a combination of the two.

Systems and methods for radio-frequency-based location determination in a draped environment can include an active beacon and a control device in communication with a plurality of radio frequency (RF) transceivers. The RF transceivers can be configured to emit an RF signal responsive to transmission instructions from the control device. The active beacon can be configured to transmit a modified RF signal responsive to receipt of the RF signal from any of the plurality of RF transceivers, where the frequency value of the signal from the active beacon is shifted by an amount from the received RF signal. The plurality of RF transceivers then receive the modified RF signals. The control device can be configured to determine a location of the active beacon based upon the received modified RF signals. The draped environment can include draping material that is substantially transparent to the RF signals.

Disclosed herein are tissue marking devices and methods that enables marking a target tissue more than 24 hours prior to surgery. The tissue marking device includes a hook assembly having a compressed configuration and a deployed configuration and a handle assembly for positioning the hook assembly in a targeted tissue. The hook assembly may include a hook body comprising at least two hooks and a thread connected to the hook body. The handle assembly may include a handle body, a needle having a lumen, and a stylet having a lumen.

Systems and methods for attaching a reference marker to a patient in a computer-assisted image-guided surgery system. An apparatus for attaching a reference marker to a patient includes an elongated member extending between a first end and a second end, a sharp tip located proximate to the first end of the elongated member that is configured to break through a cortical surface of a bone of the patient to enable the elongated member to be advanced into the bone, an anchoring device that is extendable from the elongated member in order to anchor the apparatus within the bone and inhibit relative movement of the apparatus and the bone, and a reference marker device comprising at least one optical marker configured to enable the apparatus to be tracked using a motion tracking system.

A fiducial marker includes a fastener and a feedback component to provide a registration signal when engaged by a probe. The feedback component includes light-up cap, a conducting component, a magnetic component and an RFID tag. A cap for registering fiducial markers with robotic surgical systems includes a housing, a socket in the housing for coupling to a fastener, an access port in the housing, a switch disposed in the housing proximate the access port, and a sensory indicator device coupled to the switch, wherein the sensory indicator device produces a signal when activated through the access port to confirm marker contact. Methods of registering a fiducial marker fastener, such as with robotic surgical systems, include manipulating a probe to align with a signal-producing feedback component attached to or integrated with the fastener, and engaging the feedback component with the probe to activate a sensory feedback indicator.

Systems and methods are disclosed in which changes in the position and/or orientation of an anatomical structure or of a surgical tool can be measured quantitatively during surgery. In some embodiments, the systems and methods disclosed herein can make use of inertial motion sensors to determine a position or orientation of an instrument or anatomy at different times and to calculate changes between different positions or orientations. In other embodiments, such sensors can be utilized in conjunction with imaging devices to correlate sensor position with anatomical landmarks, thereby permitting determination of absolute angular orientation of a landmark. Such systems and methods can facilitate real-time tracking of progress during a variety of procedures, including, e.g., spinal deformity correction, etc.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods to perform a surgical procedure. The systems and methods utilize MRI-compatible fiducial markers including a body having at least one feature configured to receive an MRI-compatible and MRI-visible material and to allow registration of a navigational tool. The MRI-compatible fiducial markers can be affixed to a bone of a patient. The registered navigational tool can be used to advance a surgical tool along a navigational path to perform a surgical procedure.

A connector assembly for attaching a tracker body to a tracker support arm. The connector assembly includes a receiver coupled to the tracker body and defining a cavity. The connector assembly includes a key coupled to the tracker support arm and including a loading surface. The key is insertable into the cavity of the receiver. The connector assembly includes a preloading mechanism operably attached to the receiver and including a load member disposed in the receiver. The load member is arranged to contact the loading surface of the key to constrain the key to the receiver, and to thereby attach the tracker body to the tracker support arm.

An augmented reality guidance system for guiding surgical operations on an articulating portion of a bone includes a tracking element to be attached to the articulating portion and-having a surface bearing against the portion that is custom-designed from a virtual model , and a three-dimensional reference mark ; a probe with a three-dimensional reference mark for probing at least three regions of a portion apart from the cartilage area; a camera for displaying and tracking the reference marks ; and a processing system for processing virtual bone model data and real-time image data from the camera to determine the position and relative direction of the tracking element and probe, to display on a display device , a three-dimensional virtual representation of a geometric datum relating to the bone model having position and direction determined by the position and direction of the tracking device and corrected after probing.