A material for organic electroluminescent display device includes a luminescent dopant part and an assist dopant part. The luminescent dopant part may have an energy of 2.6 eV or higher to 3.0 eV or lower in an excited singlet state S.sub.1 level. The assist dopant part may have an energy of 2.4 eV or higher to 3.0 eV or lower in the excited singlet state S.sub.1 level. An energy gap ΔE.sub.ST between the excited singlet state S.sub.1 and an excited triplet state T.sub.1 may be 0 eV or larger to 2.0 eV or smaller.

The objective is to provide an organic electroluminescent element with an improved luminous efficiency. The organic electroluminescent element has a structure in which a first light-emitting unit containing a phosphorescent red light-emitting material, a second light-emitting unit containing a phosphorescent yellow light-emitting material, and a third light-emitting unit containing a fluorescent blue light-emitting material are stacked with interlayers in-between. A peak emission wavelength of the phosphorescent yellow light-emitting material is in a range of 530 nm to 570 nm. A peak emission wavelength of the fluorescent blue light-emitting material is in a range of 440 nm to 480 nm. The organic electroluminescent element has a ratio of a yellow emission intensity to a blue emission intensity in a range of 1.0 to 2.0. The organic electroluminescent element further has a ratio of a red emission intensity to the blue emission intensity in a range of 1.5 to 3.0.

A compound is represented by a formula (1) below. In the formula (1), n is 1 or 2. Ar.sup.1 is represented by a formula (2) below. Ar.sup.2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 1 to 20 ring atoms. Ar.sup.3 is represented by a formula (3) below. ##STR00001##

Disclosed herein are an iridium complex having improved luminous efficiency and emission lifetime, a method for producing the same, an organic electroluminescent element using the iridium complex, and a display device and a lighting device that include the organic electroluminescent element. The iridium complex is contained in at least one organic layer sandwiched between an anode and a cathode of an organic electroluminescent element, and has a coefficient of external influence of 0.73 Å.sup.2/MW or less as defined by the following definition equation:
Coefficient of external influence (Svdw)=Van der Waals surface area [Å.sup.2]/molecular weight (MW).

Phosphorescent iridium complexes comprising multi-alkyl-substituted aza-DBF and 2-phenylpyridine ligands is disclosed. These complexes are useful as emitters for phosphorescent OLEDs.

The present invention relates to novel light-emitting materials. These materials comprise a side chain that includes a fully deuterated or partially deuterated alkyl chain. This new side chain could improve device lifetime compared to nondeuterated side chains.

An aromatic amine derivative represented by the following formula (1) wherein at least one of Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4 is a heterocyclic group represented by the following formula (2) wherein X.sub.1 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to compounds according to formula (1), a method for producing these compounds and electronic devices, in particular organic electroluminescent devices containing said compounds.

Metal deco ink formulations are improved by the use of fluorescent dyes, UV-absorbing dyes and/or IR-absorbing dyes. These may be premixed with a phenol-formaldehyde resin without microencapsulation to protect the dye from other ink ingredients that have chemistries which are incompatible with that of the dye, in order to obtain photochromic ink formulation with a good shelf life.

A fused fluoranthene compound which includes an indeno[3,2-b]fluoranthene skeleton having a hetero atom is a novel compound, which is useful as a material for organic electroluminescence devices for use in an organic electroluminescence device and an electronic equipment.