Provided is a compound having the structure: (SIG)-(SI-MOD).sub.m
where SIG is a signaling molecule, SI is a self-immolative structure bound to SIG such that SIG has a reduced signal relative to the signal of SIG without SI, MOD is a moiety bound to SI that is subject to modification by an activator, and m is an integer from 1 to about 10. When MOD is modified by an activator, SI is destabilized and self-cleaved from SIG such that SIG generates an increased signal. Also provided are methods of determining whether a sample, such as a cell, comprises an activator, such as a nitroreducase, using the compound. Further provided are methods of determining whether a mammalian cell is hypoxic using the compound where nitroreductase is the activator. A method of detecting a microorganism that comprises a nitroreductase using the compound where nitroreductase is the activator is also provided.

This organic electroluminescence element includes an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The organic layer includes a light-emitting layer and at least one layer disposed between the light-emitting layer and the anode. The light-emitting layer includes a compound represented by formula (1), and the at least one layer disposed between the light-emitting layer and the anode includes a compound represented by formula (2). ##STR00001##

The disclosure pertains to an organic molecule for use in optoelectronic devices. The organic molecule has a structure of Formula I:

##STR00001## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, NR.sup.1, O, S, SiR.sup.1R.sup.2 and CR.sup.1R.sup.2; Y is selected from the group consisting of a direct bond, NR.sup.3, O, S, SiR.sup.3R.sup.4 and CR.sup.3R.sup.4; and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, deuterium, N(R.sup.5).sub.2, OR.sup.5, SR.sup.5, Si(R.sup.5).sub.3, B(OR.sup.5).sub.2, OSO.sub.2R.sup.5, CF.sub.3, CN, halogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.40-alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.40-alkoxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.40-thioalkoxy, C.sub.2-C.sub.40-alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.40-alkynyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.60-aryl, and C.sub.3-C.sub.57-heteroaryl.

The present invention relates to a series of neutral fluorescent mitochondrial markers as amide derivatives, and a preparation method and use thereof. The present invention provides for the first time that neutral dyes have excellent mitochondria targeting ability after being bonded to an amide compound. The present invention solves the problems of uncertain organelle targeting ability of the existing fluorescent dyes with a neutral structure and that the neutral dye is a commercial marker for lipid droplets in cells. In the present invention, the organelle targeting ability of a fluorescent dye is regulated by creatively modifying the structure, while the optical performance of the original dye is improved; and the biological properties of the dye are obviously improved after being bonded to an amide compound. Amide compounds are cheap and readily available, which is conducive to controlling the cost of new dyes, thus having great scientific significance and commercial value.

To provide an organic electroluminescent device having high efficiency while having a driving voltage. This organic electroluminescent device includes an anode, an organic layer and a cathode stacked on a substrate, at least one layer of the organic layer is a light-emitting layer containing a first host, a second host and a light-emitting dopant material, the first host is selected from a compound represented by the following general formula (1), and the second host is selected from a biscarbazole compound binding at a position other than the N-position, an indolocarbazole compound, or a carbazole compound in which a plurality of carbazole rings bind at the N-position. In the formula, a ring A is represented by formula (1b) or (1c), X represents NR, S, O, or CR.sub.2, and at least one Y represents N.

Provided are a compound of Formula 1 and an organic electric element including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic material layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising the compound, the element showing improved luminescence efficiency, stability, and life span.

An organometallic compound, represented by Formula 1:

M.sub.1(Ln.sub.1).sub.n1(Ln.sub.2).sub.n2  Formula 1

wherein, in Formula 1, M.sub.1 is a transition metal, Ln.sub.1 is a ligand represented by Formula 1A, Ln.sub.2 is a ligand represented by Formula 1B, n1 is 1 or 2, and n2 is 1 or 2:

##STR00001##

wherein the substituents of Formulae 1A and 1B are as provided herein in the detailed description.

A method of producing a photochromic resin body includes a first step, a second step and a third step. In the first step, a sublimable photochromic dye having sublimability is applied to a base body so as to obtain a function-adding base body. In the second step, the function-adding base body obtained in the first step is set to face a resin body, the function-adding base body is heated to sublimate the sublimable photochromic dye applied to the function-adding base body, and the sublimable photochromic dye is deposited on the resin body. In the third step, the resin body on which the sublimable photochromic dye is deposited in the second step is heated to fix the sublimable photochromic dye on the resin body.

Provided is a compound of Chemical Formula 1: ##STR00001##
and to an organic light emitting device comprising the same.

The photochromic compound is represented by the following general formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein, X denotes an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom unsubstituted or substituted by a substituent selected from the following Y.sup.1 group:
Y.sup.1 group: —R.sup.1, -A.sup.1(B.sup.1).sub.l(A.sup.2).sub.m(B.sup.2).sub.nR.sup.2, -A.sup.3A.sup.4, -A.sup.5R.sup.3
R.sup.1 denotes a cyano group or the like,
R.sup.2 denotes an alkyl group or the like,
R.sup.a denotes a halogen atom or the like,
A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, and A.sup.5 each independently denote an alkylene group or the like,
A.sup.4 denotes a naphthyl group which may be substituted,
B.sup.1 and B.sup.2 each independently denote any one of the divalent groups selected from the following group:

##STR00002##

l, m, and n are each independently 0 or 1, provided that n is 0 if m is 0,
Y.sup.2 denotes a hydrogen atom or the like,
R denotes a hydrogen atom or the like,

##STR00003##

denotes a norbornylidene group or the like.