Zn-promoted and/or Ga-promoted cracking catalysts, such as cracking catalysts comprising an MSE framework zeolite or an MFI framework zeolite can provide unexpectedly superior conversion of branched paraffins when used as part of a catalyst during reforming of a hydrocarbon fuel stream. The conversion and reforming of the hydrocarbon fuel stream can occur, for example, in an internal combustion engine. The conversion and reforming can allow for formation of higher octane compounds from the branched paraffins.

A catalyst structure that allows prevention of aggregation of fine particles of a functional material, suppresses decrease of catalyst activity, and thus enables the extension of the lifetime of the catalyst structure. A catalyst structure is provided with: a support that is formed from a zeolite-type compound and has a porous structure; and at least one functional material present in the support. The functional material includes a first element that is at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, and iron. The support has paths connected to each other. The functional material including the first element is present in at least the paths of the support.

The invention relates to a method of preparing a supported catalyst, which method comprises the steps of; (i) providing a porous catalyst support comprising a framework having an internal pore structure comprising one or more pores which internal pore structure comprises a precipitant; (ii) contacting the catalyst support with a solution or colloidal suspension comprising a catalytically active metal such that, on contact with the precipitant, particles comprising the catalytically active metal are precipitated within the internal pore structure of the framework of the catalyst support. The invention also relates to supported catalysts made according to the above method, and to use of the catalysts in catalyzing chemical reactions, for example in the Fischer Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons.

The present invention provides a novel process and system in which a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen synthesis gas, or syngas, is converted into hydrocarbon mixtures composed of high quality gasoline components, aromatic compounds, and lower molecular weight gaseous olefins in one reactor or step. The invention utilizes a novel molybdenum-zeolite catalyst in high pressure hydrogen for conversion, as well as a novel rhenium-zeolite catalyst in place of the molybdenum-zeolite catalyst, and provides for use of the novel catalysts in the process and system of the invention.

A catalyst for producing isoparaffins-rich synthetic oil is a granulated porous composite material comprising a three-dimensional heat-conducting structure of metal aluminum and Raney cobalt, and a binding component comprising an H-form zeolite. The particles of Raney cobalt and zeolite are in mutual direct contact. Fractions of macropores in an open porosity of the catalyst granules and of mesopores of the size of 70-500 in an open porosity of the catalyst granules are respectively 55-79% and 7-20%, a fraction of micropores being the rest. A method for preparing the catalyst comprises mixing binding component powders, peptizing the mixture with a nitric acid solution, mixing obtained homogeneous gel with powders of Raney cobalt and metal aluminum and a liquid phase to form a paste, extruding same into granules and calcinating the granules. The catalyst improves reagents mass transfer inside the granules and increases isoparaffine content in the produced oil.

This disclosure relates to the production of xylenes from syngas, in which the syngas is converted to an aromatic product by reaction with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and an aromatization catalyst. The Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and aromatization catalyst may be different catalysts or combined into a single catalyst. The aromatic product is then subjected to selective alkylation with methanol and/or carbon monoxide and hydrogen to increase its p-xylene content.

Form liquid product stream that has a C.sub.13 to C.sub.20 hydrocarbon content of less than 5.0 wt % based upon a total weight of the liquid product stream via a process that includes contacting synthesis gas with a sulfurized Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 catalyst. The sulfurized Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 catalyst can include ZSM-5, cobalt, an alkali metal, sulfur, and a reduction promoter.

This disclosure relates to the production of xylenes from syngas, in which the syngas is converted to an aromatic product by reaction with an isosynthesis catalyst and an aromatization catalyst. The isosynthesis catalyst and aromatization catalyst may be different catalysts or combined into a single catalyst. The aromatic product is then subjected to one of more of (i) xylene isomerization, (ii) transalkylation with at least one C.sub.9+ aromatic hydrocarbon, and (iii) alkylation with methanol and/or carbon monoxide and hydrogen to increase its p-xylene content.

There are provided a catalyst composition for producing hydrocarbons and a method for producing hydrocarbons which exhibit a high CO conversion rate, generates minimal amount of gaseous components, and is also capable of efficiently obtaining, from a syngas, a gasoline fraction which is selective for and rich in the components having a high octane number, such as aromatic, naphthenic, olefinic and branched paraffinic hydrocarbons, by using a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst that contains at least one type of metal exhibiting activity in Fischer-Tropsch reaction and manganese carbonate and a zeolite serving as a solid acid.

The present disclosures and inventions relate to a catalyst composition for the selective conversion of a hydrogen/carbon monoxide mixture (syngas) to C.sub.1-C.sub.5 hydrocarbons, wherein the catalyst composition, which can be optionally dispersed on a support material, has the formula CO.sub.aMO.sub.bS.sub.cM.sub.dO.sub.f, wherein a is 1; wherein b is from 0.8 to 1.2; wherein c is from 1 to 2; wherein M comprises Zn, Ti, Zr, or Ni, or a mixture thereof, wherein d is from 0.000001 to 0.2; and wherein f is a number determined by the valence requirements of the other elements present in the catalyst.