The use of bio oil from at least one renewable source in a hydrotreatment process, in which process hydrocarbons are formed from said glyceride oil in a catalytic reaction, and the iron content of said bio oil is less than 1 w-ppm calculated as elemental iron. A bio oil intermediate including bio oil from at least one renewable source and the iron content of said bio oil is less than 1 w-ppm calculated as elemental iron.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of olefinic compounds that can be used for the production of detergents, additives, lubricants and/or plastic materials, or components which can be used in the field of oil explorations and productions, and a hydrocarbon fuel or a fraction thereof, which comprises subjecting a mixture of glycerides having at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, to metathesis reaction and, after separating the olefinic mixture obtained, effecting a hydrodeoxygenation and subsequently hydroisomerization process, so as to obtain the hydrocarbon fuel or a fraction thereof.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of olefinic compounds that can be used for the production of detergents, additives, lubricants and/or plastic materials, or components which can be used in the field of oil explorations and productions, and a hydrocarbon fuel or a fraction thereof, which comprises subjecting a mixture of glycerides having at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, to metathesis reaction and, after separating the olefinic mixture obtained, effecting a hydrodeoxygenation and subsequently hydroisomerization process, so as to obtain the hydrocarbon fuel or a fraction thereof.

Disclosed are a preparation method and a system of low-carbon jet biofuel based on whole life cycle. A low-carbon method and a system of using whole life cycle involving whole process from raw material acquisition, fuel preparation to fuel application are related. A prepared jet biofuel can be used in six types of aircrafts and engines thereof. Aircrafts using the jet biofuel can have a portion of greenhouse gas emission reduction of 50% to 80%.

A method for conversion of levulinic acid and to a hydrocarbon composition obtainable by the method. The method includes a step of providing a feedstock, a conversion step of subjecting the feedstock to a C—C coupling reaction and a hydrotreatment, and a hydrodeoxygenation step. The content of levulinic acid dimer derivatives having 4 oxygen atoms subjected to the hydrodeoxygenation step is 20 wt.-% or more.

Methods are disclosed for producing renewable base oil and a diesel oil from low-value biological oils. Low-value biological oils containing free fatty acids and fatty acid esters can be processed into a renewable base oil and a renewable diesel oil by first separating at least part of the saturated free fatty acids from the feedstock and then processing separately this saturated free acid feed in a ketonisation reaction followed by hydrodeoxygenation and hydroisomerisation reactions to yield a renewable base oil stream. The remaining free fatty acid depleted feed may be processed in a separate hydrodeoxygenation and hydroisomerisation step to yield a renewable diesel stream.

A number of different branched hydrocarbon compounds (formula I) having a star-like configuration (S) are prepared from renewable oils containing fatty acids or derivatives containing fatty acids. The branched hydrocarbon compounds may be isolated individually or in mixtures, and may be used as part of base oils, such as renewable base oils (RBOs). A process for preparing the branched hydrocarbon compounds of formula I involve conditions that favour a trimerisation reaction followed by hydrotreating conditions. The compounds of formula I may be made by catalytically treating renewable material in a process, and the compounds have desirable qualities relating to lubrication, cold flow as well as having a low Noack volatility.

A method for producing renewable diesel includes introducing a primary feedstock comprising biologically-derived triglycerides with catalyst poisons into a first reaction chamber and hydrolyzing the primary feedstock within the first reaction and liquid-liquid extraction chamber for at least an hour such that the reacted triglycerides are separated into an aqueous solution comprising glycerol and catalyst poisons, and an intermediate feedstock comprising free fatty acids and catalyst poisons. The method also includes distilling the intermediate feedstock to separate the intermediate feedstock into a purified intermediate stream and a lower volume bottom stream containing unreacted triglyceride, diglyceride, monoglyceride, FFA and catalyst poisons. The method also includes combining the purified intermediate feedstock with a hydrogen stream and converting, in a second reaction chamber comprising a metallic catalyst bed, the purified intermediate feedstock into a product comprising long-chain alkanes. The method also includes hydrotreating the purified intermediate feedstock into a renewable diesel product.

The use of bio oil from at least one renewable source in a hydrotreatment process, in which process hydrocarbons are formed from said glyceride oil in a catalytic reaction, and the iron content of said bio oil is less than 1 w-ppm calculated as elemental iron. A bio oil intermediate including bio oil from at least one renewable source and the iron content of said bio oil is less than 1 w-ppm calculated as elemental iron.

The present invention relates to a method for production of a fuel composition, more specifically a middle distillate fuel composition, and a compositionin particular a co feed composition comprising a furanyl containing oligomerisation composition admixed with one or more material component comprising fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives and the use of such composition.