The present invention relates to an aqueous emulsion comprising: a) from 50% to 60% of an organic phase dispersed in an aqueous phase, said organic phase containing a mixture including from 24% to 30%, calculated with respect to the final emulsion, of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and/or polyalkyl(meth)acrylates, indicated in the present description as polymeric component, and a high-boiling organic solvent, or a mixture of said solvents; b) a primary emulsifier at a concentration higher or equal to 0.1% and lower than or equal to 3% by weight, calculated with respect to the final emulsion; c) from 37% to 47% of an aqueous phase; wherein the ratio between said polymer component and said organic solvent in the final aqueous emulsion is at least 1/1 and where the organic solvent and any polymer of the polymeric component have a Hildebrand solubility parameter δ such that, the difference (δ.sub.solvent_δ.sub.polymer) is lower than 2 in absolute value for any polymer of the polymeric component.

The invention discloses novel diesel fuel compositions including a renewable diesel component, a fossil diesel component and an oxygenate component, as well as methods for manufacture and use of a combination of a renewable diesel component, and an oxygenate component for reducing particulate matter emissions.

A method of improving the low temperature properties of a middle distillate fuel composition comprising: (a) a nitrogen-containing dispersant; and (b) one or more low temperature property enhancers which are not fumarate vinyl ester copolymers and which are selected from (x) wax antisettling additives; (y) middle distillate flow improvers and mixtures thereof; the method comprising adding to the fuel an additive (c) which is a copolymer comprising units of formula (A): and units of formula (B): wherein R is an alkyl group and each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an alkyl group.

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A method of producing a fuel additive includes passing a feed stream comprising C4 hydrocarbons through a methyl tertiary butyl ether unit producing a first process stream; passing the first process stream through a selective butadiene hydrogenation unit transforming greater than or equal to 90% by weight of the butadiene to 1-butene and 2-butene, preferably greater than or equal to 93%, preferably, greater than or equal to 94%, more preferably, greater than or equal to 95% producing a second process stream; passing the second process stream through a hydration unit producing a third process stream and the fuel additive; passing the third process stream through a total hydrogenation unit producing a hydrogenated stream; and passing the hydrogenated stream to a cracker unit.

Low vapor pressure hydrocarbon blends are provided, comprising miscible and separable hydrocarbon fractions. A high-octane low-boiling point diluent fraction may be combined with a high-boiling point bitumen fraction. In select embodiments, and the blend may have a viscosity of less than about 350 cSt and a density of less than about 940 kg/m.sup.3 over a temperature range of from 7.5° C. to 18.5° C. After transportation, for example by pipeline, the high-octane low-boiling point diluent fraction may be recovered from the blend, and may for example be used as a high-octane gasoline blendstock.

Disclosed is a blended gasoline composition having an AKI of 87. The formulation of the blended gasoline composition leads to a reduction in carbon dioxide emission. The blended gasoline composition contains a reduced concentration of olefins and non-amine aromatics.

A method of producing a fuel additive includes: passing a first process stream comprising C4 hydrocarbons through a methyl tertiary butyl ether synthesis unit producing a first recycle stream; passing the first recycle stream through a hydration unit producing the fuel additive and a second recycle stream; passing the second recycle stream through a recycle hydrogenation unit and a deisobutanizer unit; and recycling the second recycle stream to the methyl tertiary butyl ether synthesis unit.

The present application generally relates to the introduction of a renewable fuel oil as a feedstock into refinery systems or field upgrading equipment. For example, the present application is directed to methods of introducing a liquid thermally produced from biomass into a petroleum conversion unit; for example, a refinery fluid catalytic cracker (FCC), a coker, a field upgrader system, a hydrocracker, and/or hydrotreating unit; for co-processing with petroleum fractions, petroleum fraction reactants, and/or petroleum fraction feedstocks and the products, e.g., fuels, and uses and value of the products resulting therefrom.

Disclosed are multifunctional compounds represented by structural formula (I):

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methods of producing compounds represented by structural formula (I) and their use in inhibiting corrosion in corrodible material.

Improved fuel compositions and fuel additive packages which serve to prolong stability at various ambient conditions and to increase fuel efficiency and fuel economy while also significantly reducing the level of multiple emissions constituents generated upon combustion of the fuels including CO.sub.2, NO.sub.X, SO.sub.X, Particulate Matter PM2.5, PM10 and Black Carbon. The fuels may include the hydrocarbon fuels gasolines, diesel fuels, biodiesel fuels, biomass diesel fuels, renewable fuels, synthetic fuels, algae-based fuels, kerosene fuel or heavy fuel oils, or may alternatively be hydrosols, and include an additive package having a sorbitan oleate, a polyoxyethylene alcohol, an alkylene glycol, and an amine. The fuels are mixed with an additive and are emulsified with clean, soft water having a water quality of 1 micron or less.