A portable biomass compactor has a frame. A mold is coupled to the frame. The mold is formed of a tubular member having a first open end and a second open end. The first open end is formed on a side opposite of the second open end and aligned with the second open end. A loading opening is formed on a top surface of the mold, wherein biomass is loaded into the mold through the loading opening. A compression mechanism is coupled to the frame. The compression mechanism has a moving mechanism. A rod having a proximate end is coupled to the moving mechanism. A rammer is coupled to a distal end of the rod. The rod and rammer are aligned with the first open end acid the second open end. The moving mechanism moves the rod and the rammer within the mold compressing the biomass in the mold.

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into highcarbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects.

A portable biomass compactor has a frame. A mold is coupled to the frame. The mold is formed of a tubular member having a first open end and a second open end. The first open end is formed on a side opposite of the second open end and aligned with the second open end. A loading opening is formed on a top surface of the mold, wherein biomass is loaded into the mold through the loading opening. A compression mechanism is coupled to the frame. The compression mechanism has a moving mechanism. A rod having a proximate end is coupled to the moving mechanism. A rammer is coupled to a distal end of the rod. The rod and rammer are aligned with the first open end acid the second open end. The moving mechanism moves the rod and the rammer within the mold compressing the biomass in the mold. A gate is movably coupled to the frame, wherein the gate closes the second open end during compressing of the biomass and opens the second open end to eject a biomass log formed. A gate lifter is coupled to the gate raising and lowering the gate.

A combustible log torch which can be ignited to provide heat for warmth or cooking, and light for illumination can be made by compacting a mixture of wood sawdust and a food grade binder. Such combustible log torches are convenient and safe to use and provide optimal characteristics of quickly providing a bonfire without the need for a fireplace or a fire pit. The fire produced by such combustible logs is also optimal for safely and conveniently cooking food items. Such a combustible log torch can be manufactured by a method which comprises compacting a composition which is comprised of a mixture of wood particles and a food grade binder under a pressure of at least about 5 psi (0.034 megapascals) in a mold to produce the combustible log torch having at least one vertical cavity (hole) which extend vertically through the entire length of the combustible log torch.

A system for forming a woody biomass component and a binder component into a solid fuel element having a predetermined density. The system includes a first compression assembly for compressing an uncompressed mixture of the woody biomass component and the binder component to provide a first compressed mixture formed into a preliminary element having a preliminary density. The system also includes a second compression assembly for compressing the preliminary element to form the solid fuel element having the predetermined density, which is greater than the preliminary density.

Processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas is employed to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

A combustible log torch which can be ignited to provide heat for warmth or cooking, and light for illumination can be made by compacting a mixture of wood sawdust and a food grade binder. Such combustible log torches are convenient and safe to use and provide optimal characteristics of quickly providing a bonfire without the need for a fireplace or a fire pit. The fire produced by such combustible logs is also optimal for safely and conveniently cooking food items. Such a combustible log torch can be manufactured by a method which comprises compacting a composition which is comprised of a mixture of wood particles and a food grade binder under a pressure of at least about 5 psi (0.034 megapascals) in a mold to produce the combustible log torch having at least one vertical cavity (hole) which extend vertically through the entire length of the combustible log torch.

A slow-burning log is made of a solid-fuel material of a vegetable origin, the log having upper, lower and side surfaces, upper and lower vertical incisions, which are made opened on the side surface, and which extend from the upper and lower surfaces respectively, towards the opposite surface without reaching it, wherein the lower vertical incisions are not coupled between each other and uniformly alternate with the upper vertical incisions, characterized in that the upper vertical incisions couple between each other inside the log body thereby forming a middle hole, in addition, the ends of the lower vertical incisions are higher than the ends of the upper vertical incisions, and the upper and lower vertical incisions are provided in an amount of not less than three respectively.

A method and system reprocess soiled animal bedding material commingled with animal manure. In one aspect the soiled animal bedding material is separated in a shaker to send at least a preponderance of said manure to a holding tank. In another aspect the bedding is cleaned, rinsed and color is restored. Said bedding material is subsequently dried and a bedding product, fertilizer product, and/or compacted product is formed. Alternatively, said bedding material is dried (without a compacting step) to form a product. In another aspect, the steps of separation, cleaning, rinsing and/or color restoration may be omitted.

A method and system reprocess soiled animal bedding material commingled with animal manure. In one aspect the soiled animal bedding material is separated in a shaker to send at least a preponderance the manure to a holding tank. In another aspect the bedding is cleaned, rinsed and color is restored. The bedding material is subsequently dried and a bedding product, fertilizer product, and/or compacted product is formed. Alternatively, the bedding material is dried (without a compacting step) to form a product. In another aspect, the steps of separation, cleaning, rinsing and/or color restoration may be omitted.