The present disclosure relates to marine fuel compositions having low sulfur content and processes for making such compositions.

Lubricity additives for hydrocarbon fuels are presented according to formula I:

R.sup.1[(—O—R.sup.2).sub.n-Q].sub.p  (I)

wherein p is 3 or greater; each n is independently selected from integers equal to 2 or greater; R.sup.1 is a C3-C20 aliphatic hydrocarbon group of valence p which is branched or linear and which is substituted or unsubstituted; each R.sup.2 is independently selected from C2-C20 divalent aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon groups which are branched or linear and which are substituted or unsubstituted; and each Q is independently selected from —NH.sub.2 or a moiety according to formula II:

##STR00001##

wherein each R.sup.3 is independently selected from C8-C60 alkenyl groups which are substituted or unsubstituted, providing that at least one Q is the moiety according to formula II.

Use of a liquid fuel composition in an internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine containing a lubricating composition for lubricating said internal combustion engine, wherein the liquid fuel composition comprises at least one nitrogen-containing detergent additive, for the purpose of reducing engine wear caused by the presence of soot in the lubricating composition.

An integrated production plant system includes, at one production site at least two plants of different kinds selected from a renewable paraffinic fuel plant to produce renewable paraffinic fuel in a renewable paraffinic fuel process, a renewable fatty acid alkyl ester (FAAE) fuel plant to produce renewable FAAE fuel in a renewable FAAE process, a renewable base oil plant to produce renewable base oil in a renewable base oil process, and a renewable chemical plant to produce renewable chemical in a renewable chemical process. Each of the processes is provided with a respective renewable feed, where the feed of each of the processes originates from a common renewable system feed, and the feed to at least one of the processes is altered for example by directing at least part of the feed of at least one of the processes to another of the processes.

A fuel for an internal combustion engine includes a C.sub.5 to C.sub.30 dialkoxyalkanoate corresponding to formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein the R.sub.1 group is —H or a —CH.sub.3 group, the R.sub.2 and R.sub.2′ groups are alkyl groups independently selected to have 1 to 9 carbon atoms; and the R.sub.3 group is selected to have 1 to 9 carbon atoms. The compounds described herein may be used as neat fuels or mixed fuels (with diesel, biodiesel, jet fuel, marine fuel or other fuel compounds) in autoignition or spark ignition engines, such as diesel engines, gasoline (spark ignition) engines, MCCI, Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines, or more generally in Low-Temperature Gasoline Combustion (LTGC) engines (using gasoline-like fuels), that have the high-efficiency advantages of HCCI but can operate with some level of charge inhomogeneities. Methods of making these compounds are environmentally friendly and can be done in a continuous manner.

A multipurpose fuel composition is disclosed which contains a petroleum derived jet fuel component and a renewable jet fuel component, wherein the multipurpose fuel composition has a freezing point of −40° C. or below, and an exemplary cetane number more than 40, preferably more than 45, more preferably more than 50.

A fuel for an internal combustion engine includes a C.sub.5 to C.sub.30 dialkoxyalkanoate corresponding to formula (I): ##STR00001## wherein the R.sub.1 group is —H or a —CH.sub.3 group, the R.sub.2 and R.sub.2′ groups are alkyl groups independently selected to have 1 to 9 carbon atoms; and the R.sub.3 group is selected to have 1 to 9 carbon atoms. The compounds described herein may be used as neat fuels or mixed fuels (with diesel, biodiesel, jet fuel, marine fuel or other fuel compounds) in autoignition or spark ignition engines, such as diesel engines, gasoline (spark ignition) engines, MCCI, Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines, or more generally in Low-Temperature Gasoline Combustion (LTGC) engines (using gasoline-like fuels), that have the high-efficiency advantages of HCCI but can operate with some level of charge inhomogeneities. Methods of making these compounds are environmentally friendly and can be done in a continuous manner.

The invention relates to a fuel composition based on a diesel fraction, having a sulphur content of less than 10 mg/kg with the boiling range of 180-360° C., characterized in that said fuel composition contains organic peroxides as ignition promoters, which are selected from the group: di-tert-butyl peroxide, 1,1-di-(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane, dicumyl peroxide, tert-butyl cumyl peroxide, isobutyl cumyl peroxide, n-butyl cumyl peroxide, isopropyl cumyl peroxide, ethyl cumyl peroxide and methyl cumyl peroxide, and contains an anti-wear additive based on carboxylic acids having the following ratio of components, wt %: 0.01-0.5 organic peroxide, 0.005-0.1 anti-wear additive, and up to 100 being the diesel fraction. The proposed diesel fuel composition allows producing diesel fuel which meets quality performance requirements.

The present disclosure provides fuel additives including Mannich-based quaternary ammonium salt additives, fuel compositions including such additives, and Methods of improving performance of fuel injector using such additives.

The present disclosure provides fuel additives including Mannich-based quaternary ammonium salt additives, fuel compositions including such additives, and Mehtods of improving performance of fuel injector using such additives.