The present invention relates to a process for upgrading a petroleum product comprising mixing the petroleum product with an upgrading solution to provide a two-phase mixture consisting of an extract phase and a raffinate phase, wherein the upgrading solution comprises a pyrolysis oil and optionally a polar organic solvent. In other aspects, the invention provides an upgrading solution comprising a pyrolysis oil and optionally a polar organic solvent and uses thereof. Furthermore, an upgraded petroleum product and raffinate phase is provided.

A mixture of alkylesters of fatty acids is provided, wherein the fatty acids have the following composition: at least 56% of saturated C12 chains, at least 23% of saturated C14 chains, at most 8% of saturated C16 chains, at most 5% of saturated C6-10 chains, at most 5% of monounsaturated C18 chains, at most 2% of saturated C18 chains, at most 0.8% of diunsaturated C18 chains, and at most 0.2% of saturated C20 chains. The percentages are an average percentage expressed in number of moles per total number of moles of alkylesters, and the use of these mixtures is as a viscosity agent.

A renewable solvent composition having a high i-paraffin content of at least 91.0 wt.-% and a boiling in a range of from 150 C. to 260 C. is disclosed. The solvent composition can provide a good balance between solvency power and cold properties and is usable in a broad application field.

Processes for partially deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil to produce a fuel for a burner are disclosed. A biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream is combined with a low recycle stream that is a portion of a deoxygenated effluent to form a heated diluted py-oil feed stream, which is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at first hydroprocessing conditions effective to form the effluent stream. The effluent may be separated and used to provide a product fuel stream for a burner.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe methods of producing fuel additive compositions from karaya oil comprising reacting a karaya oil extract with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst to produce fatty acid esters in a crude product mixture; and separating the fatty acid esters from the crude product mixture to obtain the fuel additive composition. Embodiments of the present disclosure further describe fuel additive compositions comprising a mixture of fatty acid esters from karaya oil, and fuel compositions comprising a fuel additive composition and optionally diesel fuel.

Fuels, hydraulic fluids and lubricants made of or comprising a portion of renewable hydrocarbon raw materials, as well as biodegradable fuels, hydraulic fluids and lubricants are known to support microbial growth. Highly toxicorganic biocides have been added to reduce microbial growth. The use of such biocides can now be avoided, by instead using a stable solution of boric acid in a solvent, the boric acid being completely dissolved or at least free from any particles larger than 100 nm in size, and adding this solution to the fuel, hydraulic fluid or lubricant to give a final concentration of boron in the range of 1-100 ppm, preferably 1-50 ppm in the product. While preventing microbial growth, the addition of boron also reduces corrosion, in particular microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC).

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a system for purifying fats, oils, and grease from wastewater. The system may include a trash pump configured to pump the wastewater into the system, a grinder pump positioned downstream of the trash pump and configured to grind materials in the wastewater to form a process mixture, a plurality of heat exchangers positioned downstream of the grinder pump and configured to heat the process mixture, a shaker tray positioned downstream of the grinder pump and configured to remove solids from the process mixture, a decanter positioned downstream of the shaker tray and configured to remove solids from the process mixture, and a centrifuge positioned downstream of the decanter and configured to remove liquids and solids from the process mixture to form purified FOG.

A bio emulsion fuel manufacturing apparatus and method using vegetable oil is provided, including an oil tank unit configured to refine a vegetable oil introduced from an oil inlet by using a coagulant agent and a centrifugal decanter; a water tank unit configured to pretreat a water introduced from a water inlet by using a water tank catalyst; a mixed oil unit connected to the oil tank unit and the water tank unit, and configured to produce a mixed oil by using an inline mixer; and an ionization catalyst unit connected to the mixed oil unit and configured to convert the mixed oil to a bio emulsion fuel by using an ionization catalyst group.

This disclosure relates to compositions and methods of making an additized fuel composition comprising a base fuel composition and a randomly branched nitrate composition. The randomly branched nitrate composition includes a plurality of primary nitrate molecules, each molecule therein having an empirical chemical formula of CnNO3, wherein Cn is a branched aliphatic moiety which may be the same or different for each molecule, n is an integer selected from the group consisting of 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, at least one carbon atom in the branched aliphatic moiety being bound to three or more carbon atoms, a branching index ranging from 1.8 to 2.2, and greater than 80% of the branches in the aliphatic moiety being in other than the alpha position. The additized fuel composition may be diesel fuel composition or a gasoline fuel composition. Such randomly branched nitrate composition may be more stable, and thus safer to handle than 2-ethylhexylnitrate and may have a lower overall nitrogen content, leading to lower NOx emissions upon combustion in diesel and gasoline fuel compositions.

The present technology relates to hydrocarbon fluids, and more particularly, a hydrocarbon lighter fluid derived from renewable sources. Specifically, the present invention relates to converting fatty acids/glycerides to a charcoal lighter fluid with the same or better performance as petroleum middle distillates.