The disclosure relates to the use of a lubricating composition including at least one base oil and at least one organic compound for reducing, or even eliminating, knocking in the engine of vehicles, preferably motor vehicles.

A lubricant composition comprises as a lubricant base, an oil soluble polyalkylene glycol suitable for use as a lubricant in an industrial oil, grease or metal working fluid; and an additive comprising (1) alkylated phenyl--naphthylamine; and (2) 2,2,4-trialkyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline.

A lubricant composition comprises as a lubricant base, an oil soluble polyalkylene glycol suitable for use as a lubricant in an industrial oil, grease or metal working fluid; and an additive comprising (1) alkylated phenyl--naphthylamine; and (2) 2,2,4-trialkyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline.

A lubricant composition comprises as a lubricant base, an oil soluble polyalkylene glycol suitable for use as a lubricant in an industrial oil, grease or metal working fluid; and an additive comprising (1) alkylated phenyl--naphthylamine; and (2) 2,2,4-trialkyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline.

A dispersant includes the reaction product of an amine and at least one equivalent of glycidyl ether where the amine is selected from a group consisting of aminoethylpiperazine, bis(2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)amine, 4,4-methylenebiscyclohexylamine, m-xylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and triethylenetetramine and where the glycidyl ether has the structure (A), where R is selected from aromatic carbon chains, non-aromatic carbon chains and polyalkylene glycol groups. The dispersant is useful in a lubricant with a base oil for increasing soot dispersibility of the lubricant.

##STR00001##

A dispersant includes the reaction product of an amine and at least one equivalent of glycidyl ether where the amine is selected from a group consisting of aminoethylpiperazine, bis(2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)amine, 4,4-methylenebiscyclohexylamine, m-xylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and triethylenetetramine and where the glycidyl ether has the structure (A), where R is selected from aromatic carbon chains, non-aromatic carbon chains and polyalkylene glycol groups. The dispersant is useful in a lubricant with a base oil for increasing soot dispersibility of the lubricant.

##STR00001##

A processing fluid that is free of boron and secondary amines includes a petroleum-based or non-petroleum-based oil; water; and an additive composition comprising a long chain primary amine; an tertiary cycloalkylamine; and an amino acid.

A water-soluble lubricant including a cyclic compound (A) having a ring structure (a) including at least one substructure represented by the following formula (i) or (ii):

##STR00001##

in the above formula, * represents a binding site. The water-soluble lubricant is used in an aqueous metalworking fluid and in a method of metalworking.

A water-soluble lubricant including a cyclic compound (A) having a ring structure (a) including at least one substructure represented by the following formula (i) or (ii):

##STR00001##

in the above formula, * represents a binding site. The water-soluble lubricant is used in an aqueous metalworking fluid and in a method of metalworking.