The described invention provides a well plate-based perfusion culture model of endosteal-, extracellular matrix (ECM)- and endothelial-myeloma interactions and patient-specific methods for selecting treatment for and assessing drug resistance of multiple myeloma (MM). The described methods utilize an ex vivo three dimensional endosteal microenvironment effective to recapitulate spatial and temporal characteristics of a multiple myeloma cancer niche and to maintain viability of multiple myeloma cells (MMCs) obtained from a patient suffering from MM.

The present disclosure relates to a phage-based matrix for inducing stem cell differentiation and a method for preparing the same. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a composition for inducing differentiation of stem cells, which includes a phage-based matrix in which a gradient of stiffness is controlled by crosslinking a recombinant phage with a polymer, and a method for preparing a phage-based matrix for stem cell differentiation. According to the present invention, the method of the present disclosure provides a physical and mechanical niche environment created by the formation of a nanofibrous structure of the phage whose stiffness is controlled, thereby promoting the differentiation of stem cells into target cells. Therefore, it can be applied to a tissue matrix platform as a variety of conventional tissue engineering materials.

A 3D decellularized bone scaffold seeded with cancer cells, such as prostate cancer cells or Ewing's sarcoma is provided. The three-dimensional includes Ewing's sarcoma (ES) tumor cells; and an engineered human bone scaffold. The engineered human bone scaffold further includes osteoblasts that secrete substance of the human bone, and osteoclasts that absorb bone tissue during growth and healing. The engineered human bone scaffold includes the tissue engineered three-dimensional model which recapitulates the osteolytic process. The engineered human bone scaffold is engineered by co-culturing of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The osteoblast is produced by cell differentiation process from mesenchymal stem cells. The osteoclast is produced by cell differentiation from human monocytes, wherein the human monocytes are isolated from buffy coats. The scaffold can be used with cancer cell lines to identify therapeutic targets to slow, stop, and reverse tumor growth and progression as well as to predict the efficacy of potential therapeutics.

The present invention relates to an enhanced postnatal adherent cell (ePAC), a method for producing same, and a composition and a cell therapeutic agent having same as an active ingredient.

The present application relates to methods of activating a NK cells in vitro, ex vivo, and/or in vivo by an osteoclast cell (OC) and/or a dendritic cell, and methods of treating disease using these activated NK cells.