The improved 4-5 day, optionally 3-5 day GMP-compliant in-vitro method enables the production of macrophages from monocytes that benefits from a shorter cell culture time, fewer interventions whilst maintaining the desired characteristics of the human macrophages. The present invention describes a method wherein the monocytes are cultured in medium comprising one or more growth actors to stimulate macrophages with a pro-regenerative phenotype. The method described herein is xeno-free, serum-free and GMP compliant. In addition, further disclosed are macrophages produced according to the present invention and the use of said macrophages in the treatment of liver diseases, such as liver cirrhosis.

Provided are a chimeric antigen receptor, a macrophage expressing same, a method for adjusting macrophage polarization, and the use thereof. The intracellular domain of the chimeric antigen receptor contains an IFN-γ receptor, and the macrophage expressing the chimeric antigen receptor can maintain an M1 type status for a relatively long time, thereby enhancing the activity of the macrophage M1 type after tumor cell antigens are combined with the chimeric antigen receptor.

The present invention relates to novel method of generating “Lympho-Myeloid Niches (LMN)” from peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC). The present invention relates to a method of generating macrophages, myeloid cells and T cell from Lympho-Myeloid Niches (LMN). The present invention also describes its application for developing novel cell based therapies, gene therapies, gene edited therapies for the treatment of various disease conditions using the Lympho-Myeloid Niches (LMN), and/or the cells generated from Lympho-Myeloid Niches (LMN) or their culture.

Provided herein are compositions comprising aptamers that specifically bind monocytes and/or macrophage and methods for their use. These aptamer compositions can be used in methods for isolating and/or enriching monocytes and/or macrophages or depleting cell populations of monocytes and/or macrophages. Further provided are methods of using the aptamers or cell populations generated using them in the methods disclosed herein for therapies and/or drug delivery.

As disclosed herein, SIRPα is integral to immuno-evasion by many different cancer types as well as cancer resistance to therapies, and reducing SIRPα levels on can bolster antigen acquisition, processing, and presentation, decrease TME immunosuppression and thereby promote tumor-specific T cell activation to eliminate tumors and generate an adaptive immune response consisting of memory T cells, circulating antibodies, and plasma cells, all of which may be specific for neo-antigens in the original cancer. Therefore, disclosed are activated SIRPα.sup.low macrophages that are useful for treating cancers.

The antigen-presenting cell loaded with the cancer-specific tumor antigen epitope provided in the present invention, that is, a dendritic cell enables rapid and effective induction of differentiation and proliferation of cancer antigen-specific T cells, preferably memory T cells, and the memory T cells thus activated can treat a cancerous or neoplastic condition or prevent recurrence, progression, or metastasis of cancer while avoiding the defense mechanism of cancer cells.

The present disclosure provides the manufacturing of a monocyte that serves as a raw material for a dendritic cell for use in the manufacture of a therapeutic drug for adult T-cell leukemia and the like. The present disclosure provides: a method of producing a monocyte preparation from a blood preparation, the method comprising the step of obtaining a blood preparation from a subject, and the step of enriching the monocyte based on the specific gravity and cell size in the blood preparation; a monocyte preparation manufactured by the method; a dendritic cell induced from the monocyte preparation; and a product for regenerative medicine or the like. The present disclosure also provides treatment of an adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patient.

The present invention relates to a method for providing information for cancer diagnosis or prognosis prediction by measuring the expression level of TIM-3 in CD11b+ cells.

In addition, the present invention relates to a composition for cancer diagnosis or prognosis prediction comprising an agent for measuring the expression level of TIM-3 in CD11b+ cells or uses thereof.

Since glial TIM-3 responds positively and uniquely to brain tumors and has specific intracellular and intercellular immune modulatory roles that may differ from TIM-3 in brain tumor microenvironment T cells, it can be effectively used in a composition or a method for providing information for cancer diagnosis or prognosis prediction.

Provided are a composition and method for inducing direct conversion from a somatic cell into a myeloid cell and use thereof, in which differentiation from a somatic cell into a myeloid cell can be efficiently induced through the expression of a single direct conversion inducer without undergoing the pluripotency stage of induced pluripotent stem cells, and thus, the composition can be widely used as an effective preventive and therapeutic agent for immune diseases.

The present disclosure provides histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)-activated macrophages, compositions comprising HDAC6-activated macrophages, methods of making HDAC6-activated macrophages, and methods of treating diseases, e.g., cancer, by administering a therapeutically effective amount of HDAC6-activated macrophages.