A continuous blood glucose monitoring system and method measures emitted microwave energy transmitted to and accepted by blood vessels in a desired target area of a patient in order to determine, in real time and in vivo, appropriate blood glucose levels. A measurement unit comprises a transmitter operatively connected to an antenna to deliver energy towards appropriate subcutaneous blood vessels. The measurement unit determines an accepted energy power value in the blood vessels associated with the desired target area. This measurement energy power value is compared with a calibration value, and the difference is used to determine a resultant blood glucose value. The determined blood glucose value may further be acclimatized using additional sensed values compensating for biological and ambient factors relevant to the patient. The final determined blood glucose value can be displayed for reading and/or transmitted and stored for recording for further reference.

A highly accurate and safe analyte sensor that detects an analyte by transmitting and receiving sensing signals in a radio or microwave frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum is provided. The analyte sensor has at least two antennas at least one of which operates as a transmit antenna to transmit one or more of the sensing signals and at least one of which operates as a receive antenna, and the analyte sensor meets or exceeds performance parameters for integrated continuous glucose monitoring systems as set forth in 21 C.F.R. 862.1355 (Feb. 18, 2022) and is configured to emit radiofrequency radiation less than radiofrequency radiation exposure limits as set forth in 47 C.F.R. 1.1310 (Apr. 1, 2020).

A method for providing notification regarding one or more analytes includes detecting an amount of each of the one or more analytes using a non-invasive sensor, determining a notification to present based on the amount of at least one of the one or more analytes and notification criteria using a processor, and sending an instruction directing presentation of the notification. The method can further include presenting the notification. The notification can include vibration, sound, or visible components such as light, text, or images. The notification criteria can include upper thresholds, lower thresholds, or the analyte being within or outside of bounded ranges. Systems performing the method can include the sensor and optionally one or more of a mobile device and a remote server, and the notification can be presented in a device including the sensor or a separate device such as the mobile device.

An apparatus detects and measures vital signs of each human target by a continuous, non-intrusive method. In an example, the vital signs of interest include a heart rate and a respiratory rate, which can provide valuable information about the human's wellness. Additionally, the heart rate and respiratory rate can also be used to identify a particular person, if more than two target humans are living in a home. The apparatus has a natural convection spatial flow path that draws heat from at least one processor, one fan-less radar and a heat sink.

Embodiments of a system for training a classification neural network are provided. The system is configured to receive a first set of simulated bioelectric signals and patient bioelectric signals from a first computing device and a second set of simulated bioelectric signals from a second computing device, generate a compensation factor for the second computing device based on the first set of simulated bioelectric signals and the second set of simulated bioelectric signals, generate compensated patient bioelectric signals based on the compensation factor and the patient bioelectric signals, and train the classification neural network based on the compensated patient bioelectric signals, the second set of simulated bioelectric signals and the compensation factor. The classification neural network is trained to predict a classification label for each of one or more bioelectric signals.

A sensor includes: a transmitting antenna with N transmitting antenna elements transmitting transmission signals; a receiving antenna with M receiving antenna elements, each receiving N received signals including a reflection signal generated by the living body reflecting part of the N transmission signals; a circuit; and a memory. The circuit extracts a second matrix corresponding to a specified frequency range from an NM first matrix calculated from each received signal and indicating a propagation property between each transmitting antenna element and each receiving antenna element, estimates the position where the living body is present using the second matrix, calculates a radar cross-section (RCS) value of the living body based on the estimated position and the positions of the transmission and receiving antennas, and estimates the motion of the living body using the calculated RCS value and information indicating correspondence between RCS values and motions of the living body.

A hydration level tracking system and method measures microwave energy accepted by skin in a desired target area of a user or patient in order to determine, in real time and in vivo, representative hydration levels. A measurement unit comprises a transmitter operatively connected to an antenna to deliver energy towards appropriate layer. The measurement unit determines an accepted energy power value of the skin associated with the desired target area. This measurement energy power value is compared with a calibration value, and the difference is used to determine a representative hydration level value. The determined hydration value may further be acclimatized using additional sensed values compensating for biological and ambient factors relevant to the patient. The final determined hydration level value can be displayed for reading and/or transmitted and stored for recording for further reference.

A computer-implemented process for electromagnetic imaging, the process including the steps of: accessing scattering data representing measurements of electromagnetic wave scattering by internal features of an object, each said measurement representing scattering of electromagnetic waves emitted by a corresponding antenna of an array of antennas disposed about an imaging domain containing at least a portion of the object, and as measured by a corresponding antenna of the array of antennas; and processing the scattering data to generate image data representing a spatial location and size of at least one internal feature of the object within the imaging domain; wherein the processing includes applying a trained message-passing graph neural network (GNN) to a graph of nodes representing spatial locations of the antennas and edges representing the measurements.

An active phase switchable array includes a plurality of antenna elements and a bias circuit. Each of the radar elements includes an antenna, a power coupling network and an injection-locked oscillator (ILO), and each of the antenna elements is coupled with each other through the power coupling networks for operating the ILO of each of the antenna elements in self- and mutual-injection-locked states. The antenna elements in self-injection-locked state are utilized to detect the vital signs of subjects, and the antenna elements in mutual-injection-locked state are utilized to produce phase difference between the radiating signals of the antenna elements for forming a beam. As a result, the active phase switchable array can simultaneously detect the vital signs of multiple subjects.

A non-contact vital sign monitoring system transmits wireless signals to the same side of a biological subject via two antennas with different gains, and the two antennas receive two reflected signals from the biological subject with random body movement. Under a proper setup of the two antennas, the two reflected signals can be adjusted by an amplitude and phase adjusting unit to have the Doppler shift components caused by body movement with equal magnitude and out of phase and the Doppler shift components caused by vital signs with different magnitude. Therefore, the random body movement effect can be cancelled based on the relation between the two reflected signals in using the system to monitor the vital signs of the subject.