Compositions, methods, and kits are provided for determining whether a subject is at risk of developing insulin resistance. In particular, phosphorylated Akt, reactive oxygen species (ROS), SIRT1, eNOS, CDH13, IRS1 and NO production have been identified as biomarkers associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The diagnostic methods comprise measuring the level of at least one biomarker in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from somatic cells of the subject, which have been differentiated into endothelial cells (IPSC-ECs).

The present invention provides a method for artificially producing a vascular endothelial stem cell from a non-vascular endothelial stem cell. The method for producing a vascular endothelial stem cell of the present invention comprises the step of bringing a vascular endothelial cell possessing no stem cell properties into contact with a factor secreted by an organ of a neonatal or juvenile mammal. The step may be a step of (1) transplanting the vascular endothelial cell possessing no stem cell properties into the organ of the neonatal or juvenile mammal, wherein the mammal is a non-human mammal, or (2) culturing the vascular endothelial cell possessing no stem cell properties in a culture system containing the factor secreted by the organ of the neonatal or juvenile mammal.

The invention provides methods, compositions, uses and kits relating to exosomes isolated from progenitor cells.

Methods for preparation of prospectively identified human adipose stem cells enriched populations thereof, e.g., for therapy.

The current application is directed to a method for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), comprising: providing isolated endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs); treating the EPCs with prostacyclin, wherein the treated EPCs exhibit a hyperproliferative phenotype with enhanced angiogenic property; and administering a composition comprising the treated EPCs into a subject suffering from PAH.

Disclosed are means, methods and compositions of matter useful for generation of conditioned media from endothelial progenitor cells (EPC). In one embodiment, EPC are extracted, dedifferentiated into inducible pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and said iPSC are differentiated into the EPC lineage. The differentiated EPC are utilized as producers of conditioned media for therapeutic purposes. In one embodiment EPC are subjected to one or more stressors, after which conditioned media is extracted and in some cases concentrated. Said conditioned media can be utilized as a therapeutic agent or can be used in the generation of immune modulatory cells.

The present invention generally relates to novel preparations of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from hemangioblasts, methods for obtaining such MSCs, and methods of treating a pathology using such MSCs. The methods of the present invention produce substantial numbers of MSCs having a potency-retaining youthful phenotype, which are useful in the treatment of pathologies.

Disclosed are methods for isolating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC). More particularly, the present invention discloses methods for isolating endothelial progenitor cells that exhibit self-renewal and differentiation capacity. The isolated cellular population of the present invention is useful in a wide range of clinical and research setting including inter alia, the in vitro or in vivo generation of endothelial cells and the therapeutic or prophylactic treatment of a range of conditions via the administration of these cells. Also facilitated is the isolation of endothelial progenitor cells for research purposes such as in vitro based screening systems for testing the therapeutic impact and/or toxicity of potential treatment or culture regimes to which these cells may be exposed to. The present invention also discloses methods for isolating mesenchymal stem cells, in particular mesenchymal stem cells of fetal and/or maternal origin. These cells are also useful in a range of in vitro and in vivo therapeutic, prophylactic and research applications.

Disclosed cell therapeutics useful for regenerative, immune modulatory and angiogenic applications. In one embodiment the invention teaches uses of placentally derived cells possessing endothelial and mesenchymal features, said cells obtained by enriching for a subpopulation of cells in which said subpopulation expresses a CD45 negative phenotypic profile and further enriching for cells that express which express CD56. Said cells may be modified by culture in conditions that enhance regenerative, immunological, or angiogenic activities.

The present disclosure relates to endocardium-derived adult stem cells obtained by culturing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) separated from peripheral blood, and a cell therapeutic agent for treating cardiovascular diseases containing the same as an active ingredient. The adult stem cells have an origin that is the endocardium and strong blood vessel formation, and is thus remarkably useful for treating cardiovascular diseases such as ischemia, myocardial infarction, and the like.