The invention provides compositions and methods related to selective inhibition of PPO11 and use for improving shelf life of a plant or parts thereof. In accordance with the invention, for example, compositions for topical application to a plant or part thereof, are provided that can reduce browning of the plant or part thereof to extend shelf life.

The present invention refers to a method for controlling undesired vegetation at a plant cultivation site, the method comprising the steps of providing, at said site, a plant that comprises at least one nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding a wild-type or a mutated protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) which is resistant or tolerant to a benzoxazinone-derivative herbicide by applying to said site an effective amount of said herbicide. The invention further refers to plants comprising wild-type or mutated PPO enzymes, and methods of obtaining such plants.

A genetically modified fruit-producing plant, said plant having sufficiently reduced total Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) activity relative to a wild type of said plant to reduce browning in the fruit of said plant relative to said wild type, wherein the reduced total PPO activity results from a reduction in activity of at least two PPO isoenzymes in said plant relative to said wild type, or a cell, seed, seedling, part, tissue, cell, fruit or progeny of said plant.

A genetically modified fruit-producing plant, said plant having sufficiently reduced total Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) activity relative to a wild type of said plant to reduce browning in the fruit of said plant relative to said wild type, wherein the reduced total PPO activity results from a reduction in activity of at least two PPO isoenzymes in said plant relative to said wild type, or a cell, seed, seedling, part, tissue, cell, fruit or progeny of said plant.

The invention provides compositions and methods related to selective inhibition of PPO11 and use for improving shelf life of a plant or parts thereof. In accordance with the invention, for example, compositions for topical application to a plant or part thereof, are provided that can reduce browning of the plant or part thereof to extend shelf life.

A method of bonding together surfaces of two or more elements, whereby at least one of the two or more elements is a mineral wool element, said mineral wool element(s) being bound by a mineral wool binder, comprises the steps of providing two or more elements; applying an adhesive to one or more of the surfaces to be bonded together before, during or after contacting the surfaces to be bonded together with each other, curing the adhesive, wherein the adhesive comprises at least one protein; at least one phenol and/or quinone containing compound, and/or at least one enzyme.

In one aspect, a method of treating cancer in a mammal is provided. The method comprises administering to the mammal an oncolytic vector that expresses a tumour antigen to which the mammal has a pre-existing immunity. In another aspect, a method of boosting immune response in a mammal having a pre-existing immunity to an antigen is provided comprising intravenous administration to the mammal of a B-cell infecting vector that expresses the antigen.

In one aspect, a method of treating cancer in a mammal is provided. The method comprises administering to the mammal an oncolytic vector that expresses a tumor antigen to which the mammal has a pre-existing immunity. In another aspect, a method of boosting immune response in a mammal having a pre-existing immunity to an antigen is provided comprising intravenous administration to the mammal of a B-cell infecting vector that expresses the antigen.

The present invention relates to a recombinant bacterium expressing an antigen that is translocated to the cytosol of a host organism, and uses thereof. To this end, the present invention provides a recombinant bacterium comprising a nucleic acid encoding an antigen that is translocated to the cytosol of a host cell utilizing Type Ill secretion system. The recombinant bacterium is generally chosen from intracellular pathogens that reside in the phagosome and fail to induce rapid T cell activation. The translocated antigen may be a viral antigen, a bacterial antigen, or a tumour antigen. Methods of imparting immunity using the recombinant bacterium are also provided.

Methods that may be used for the manufacture of the chemical compound (S)-norcoclaurine, (S)-norlaudanosoline, and (S)-norcoclaurine or [S]-norlaudanosoline synthesis intermediates are provided. (S)-Norcoclaurine, (S)-norlaudanosoline, and (S)-norcoclaurine or (S)-norlaudanosoline synthesis intermediates are useful as precursor products in the manufacture of certain medicinal agents.