A problem of this invention it to provide a method for differentiate a primordial germ cell into a functional GV stage oocyte by in vitro culture. This invention relates to a method for differentiating a primordial germ cell into a functional GV stage oocyte by in vitro culture, comprising: (a) a step of producing a secondary follicle by culturing the primordial germ cell and supporting cells adjacent to the primordial germ cells under conditions that eliminate the effects of estrogen or a factor having a similar function to estrogen; (b) a step of partially dissociating cells between a granulosa cell layer and a thecal cell layer, wherein an oocyte, the granulosa cell layer, and the thecal cell layer constitute the produced secondary follicle; and (c) a step of differentiating the oocyte into a functional GV stage oocyte by culturing the oocyte, the granulosa cell layer, and the thecal cell layer that constitute the secondary follicle in a medium containing a high-molecular-weight compound.

The disclosure relates to methods, systems and compositions for use in the production of milk. More specifically, the disclosure is directed to systems, compositions and methods for in-vitro production of milk using an array of mammary organoids seeded on tertiary-branched, resilient duct scaffolding.

The invention relates to a cell sheet construct for neurovascular reconstruction. The cell sheet construct has a vascular endothelial cell layer and a neural stem cell layer, and the two layers are physically in direct contact with each other, where the vascular endothelial cell layer forms branching vasculatures, and the neural stem cell layer differentiates into neurons. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the cell sheet construct, having the following steps: culturing vascular endothelial cells on a substrate to form a vascular endothelial cell layer, seeding neural stem cells on the vascular endothelial cell layer to make the neural stem cells be physically in direct contact with the vascular endothelial cell layer, and culturing the neural stem cells and the vascular endothelial cell layer to differentiate into neurons and branching vasculatures to form a cell sheet construct.

An object of the present invention is to provide a new means for suppressing inhibition of proliferation of keratinocytes even when the keratinocytes start to come into contact with each other. The present invention solves the above problem by culturing keratinocytes in contact with a common medium with fibroblasts treated with a composition containing a specific compound.

The disclosure relates to methods, systems and compositions for use in the production of milk. More specifically, the disclosure is directed to systems, compositions and methods for in-vitro production of milk using an array of mammary organoids seeded on tertiary-branched, resilient duct scaffolding.

The fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) has been recognized as a site of origin of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC). However, absence of relevant in vitro human models that can recapitulate tissue-specific architecture has hindered understanding of FTE transformation and initiation of HGSC. Here, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were used to establish a novel 3-dimensional (3D) human FTE organoid in vitro model containing the relevant cell types of the human fallopian tube as well as a luminal architecture that closely reflects the organization of fallopian tissues in vivo. Modulation of Wnt and nodal/activin signaling pathways provided iPSC differentiation into Müllerian cells and subsequent use of pro-Müllerian growth factors promoted FTE precursors. The expression of Müllerian markers verified correct cellular differentiation. An innovative 3D growth platform, which enabled the FTE organoid to self-organize into a convoluted luminal structure, permitted final differentiation to a FTE lineage. This powerful human-derived FTE organoid model can be used to study the earliest stages of HGSC development and to identify novel and specific biomarkers of early fallopian tube epithelial cell transformation.

The present disclosure relates to a neural cell population, a neural cell-containing preparation, and a method for producing the population and preparation. More particularly, the present invention relates to a neural cell population derived from intraoral mesenchymal cells, wherein a proportion of normal diploid cells is 80% or more, a preparation containing the neural cell population, and a method for producing the population and the preparation.

The disclosure relates to methods, systems and compositions for use in the production of milk. More specifically, the disclosure is directed to systems, compositions and methods for in-vitro production of milk using an array of mammary organoids seeded on tertiary-branched, resilient duct scaffolding.

The disclosure relates to methods, systems and compositions for use in the production of milk. More specifically, the disclosure is directed to systems, compositions and methods for in-vitro production of milk using an array of mammary organoids seeded on tertiary-branched, resilient duct scaffolding.

The disclosure relates to methods, systems and compositions for use in the production of milk. More specifically, the disclosure is directed to systems, compositions and methods for in-vitro production of milk using an array of mammary organoids seeded on tertiary-branched, resilient duct scaffolding.