An electromagnetic tomography system for gathering measurement data pertaining to a human head includes an image chamber unit, a control system, and a housing. The image chamber unit includes an antenna assembly defining a horizontally-oriented imaging chamber and including an array of antennas arranged around the imaging chamber. The antennas include at least some transmitting antennas and some receiving antennas. The control system causes the transmitting antennas to transmit a low power electromagnetic field that is received by the receiving antennas after passing through a patient's head in the imaging chamber. A data tensor is produced that may be inversed to reconstruct a 3D distribution of dielectric properties within the head and to create an image. The housing at least partially contains the antenna assembly and has a front entry opening into the imaging chamber. The head is inserted horizontally through the front entry opening and into the imaging chamber.

An apparatus for determining characteristics of pulsatility of the brain (5) comprises: an ultra-wideband microwave transceiver (1) arranged to generate ultra-wideband microwave pulses (6); a transmitting means (3) arranged to transmit the ultra-wideband microwave pulses; and a receiving means (3) arranged to receive a signal corresponding to detection of the pulses. A method of determining characteristics of pulsatility of a first part of the brain comprises: transmitting ultra-wideband microwave pulses into the first part of the brain; receiving a signal corresponding to detection of the pulses; and processing the signal.

An examination marker is used in diagnostic imaging using microwaves, including a marker body to be adhered to a site to be examined. The marker body is configured to display an index used for scanning of the site to be examined and to deform in accordance with a shape of the site to be examined, and the marker body has a transmittance of 70% or higher to microwaves at a frequency of 2 GHz.