Determining a biopotential of deep layer muscles includes arranging electrodes on skin of a subject in a pattern corresponding to muscle tissue fibers of the subject, electrically coupling a subset of the electrodes to form a common reference node having a reference potential, and determining bipotential signal differences for separate electrodes that are not members of the first subset. For each of the separate electrodes, a biopotential difference is determined between a biopotential detected by each of the separate electrodes and the reference potential. An extent of the biopotential difference attributable to at least one deep-layer muscle is determined based on the biopotential differences. The pattern may be a two-dimensional array having columns of the electrodes arranged in a first dimension parallel with the muscle tissue fibers and a plurality of rows of the electrodes arranged in a second dimension that is orthogonal to the first dimension.

The present disclosure relates to a portable wearable medical device (1) with two electrode connection points for simultaneous corporal attachment of two electrodes (2) for biosignal collection, in particular for electrocardiogram, ECG or EKG, monitoring.

According to an aspect of the present inventive concept there is provided a textile device comprising: a first fabric comprising at least one electrically conductive wire; an electronic component, wherein the electronic component is fixated to the first fabric and wherein the at least one electrically conductive wire is electrically connected to the electronic component; wherein the textile device has a transition region at an area of the first fabric arranged laterally from the electronic component; wherein the textile device further comprises a strengthening element at the transition region, wherein the strengthening element comprises: a second fabric arranged around the first fabric; and a thermoplastic material arranged in relation to at least a first portion of the second fabric, wherein the thermoplastic material is arranged around the first fabric and fills a spacing between the first fabric and the second fabric at least in the first portion of the second fabric.

An exemplary system and method are disclosed for a wearable soft bioelectronic system configured with strain isolators that can isolate its sensor electrode or other sensors in proximity or in contact with the skin from temporary stretching and relative motion of the skin due to gross body movements, e.g., walking. The exemplary system employs hard-soft materials and an isolation structure that facilitates the use of a wearable sensor that can be placed on the surface of the skin and minimize motion artifacts in the acquired signals during physical motion by the wearer. The exemplary system can employ stretchable sensors in combination with the strain isolators.

An endoscopic instrument for use with a trocar, said endoscopic instrument comprising an elongate shaft body having a proximal end and a distal end; an end effector assembly at said distal end operable by manipulation of actuator mechanism at said proximal end; a substrate core having a first surface and a second surface; at least one sensing element on said first surface, said at least one sensing element located adjacent to said distal end; an electronics module for receiving sensed signals from said at least one sensing element, said electronics module located adjacent to said proximal end; a first conductive layer residing on said first surface, said first conductive layer having first solder mask coated thereon; a second conductive layer residing on said second surface, second conductive layer having a second solder mask coated thereon, and wherein said second conductive layer coupled to said at least one sensing element relays said sensed signals from said at least one sensing element to said electronics module and said a first conductive layer is grounded.

The function of a strain relief loop of an implantable medical lead is preserved by inhibiting restriction of the strain relief loop from tissue growth onto the strain relief loop. The restriction may be inhibited by either obstructing tissue growth and/or by utilizing a mechanical advantage to overcome the restriction. The tissue growth may be obstructed be isolating the interior of the strain relief loop such as by enclosing the strain relief loop or including an object within the loop. The mechanical advantage to overcome restriction from tissue growth may be provided in various ways such as utilizing a spring loaded mechanism or a structure such as an elastic mesh, tube, or mold having an inherent bias toward a steady state position.

An oximeter probe includes sensor head with a probe face having one or more sensor structures to make measurements, a handle, and an elastic member connected between the handle and the base. A user can hold the handle while measurements are made and the elastic member permits the handle to flex relative to the sensor head with one or more sensor structures.

Conventional multimodal bio-sensing demands multiple rigid sensors mounting on the multiple measuring sites at the designated place and during the reserved time. A soft, and conformal device utilizing MEMS accelerometer is a game changer to this tradition. It is suitable for use in a continuous, wearable mode of operation in recording mechano-acoustic signals originated from human physiological activities. The virtue of device, including the multiplex sensing capability, establishes new opportunity space that continuously records high fidelity signal on epidermis ranges from the subtle vibration of the skin on the order of ?5?10.sup.?3 m.Math.s.sup.?2 to the large inertia amplitude of the body ?20 m.Math.s.sup.?2, and from static gravity to audio band of 800 Hz. Minimal spatial and temporal constraints of the device that operates beyond the clinical environment would amplify the benefit of unusual mechanics of the electronics. Therefore, we develop system level, wireless flexible mechano-acoustic device to record multiple physiological information from a single location, suprasternal notch. From this unique location, the 3-axis accelerometer concurrently acquires locomotion, anatomic orientation, swallowing, respiration, cardiac activities, vocal fold vibration, and other mechano-acoustic signal that falls into bandwidth of the sensor capacity that are superposed to a single stream of data. The multiple streamlines of the algorithm parse this high density of information into meaningful physiological information. The recording continues for 48 hours. We also demonstrate the devices' capability in measuring essential vital signals (heart rate, respiration rate, energy intensity) as well as unconventional bio-markers (talking time, swallow counts, etc.) from the healthy normal in numerous field studies. We validate the results against gold standards and demonstrate clinical agreement and application in the clinical sleep studies.

A catheter, such as a fractional flow reserve catheter, includes an elongate shaft having a proximal end optionally coupled to a handle or luer fitting and a distal end having a distal opening. A pressure sensing wire extends to the distal portion of the elongate shaft to be coupled to a pressure sensor mounted on the distal end for measuring a pressure of a fluid within lumen of vessel. The pressure sensor wire is disposed within a pocket formed adjacent to the pressure sensor thereby minimizing the profile of the catheter. Bending or flexing stress or strain experienced by a pressure sensor mounted to a fractional flow reserve catheter when tracking the catheter through the vasculature creates a distortion of the sensor resulting in an incorrect pressure reading or bend error. In order to isolate the sensor from bending or flexing stress and strain, the sensor is mounted so that the sensor is spaced apart from the elongate shaft of the catheter.

A distal shaft for measuring pressure distally of a stenosis includes a housing, a pressure sensor, a cover, a tip, and an aperture. The pressure sensor is mounted in the housing. The cover is coupled to the housing and covers the pressure sensor. The tip is coupled to a distal end of the housing. The aperture is disposed through the tip and/or cover. The aperture is configured to allow blood flow to the pressure sensor. The cover further includes a coupling mechanism or coupling that couples the cover to the housing. The coupling mechanism may be a snap-fit mechanism, a friction-fit mechanism, and/or an adhesive.