Disclosed herein is a photochemical preparation method of an autologous plasma inactivated vaccine for the treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), including the following steps: drawing autologous blood from an AIDS patient to form blood to be treated; separating the blood to obtain plasma to be treated; adding a photosensitizer into the plasma to be treated to form plasma to be inactivated; and subjecting the plasma to be inactivated to photochemical inactivation to obtain the autologous plasma inactivated vaccine.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a modified mRNA that is stabilised by sequence modifications and optimised for translation. The pharmaceutical composition according to the invention is particularly well suited for use as an inoculating agent, as well as a therapeutic agent for tissue regeneration. In addition, a process is described for determining sequence modifications that promote stabilisation and translational efficiency of modified mRNA of the invention.

Increased antigenicity of a membrane-bound polypeptide produced from a plant is provided in a process in which extraction of the polypeptide or other compounds from the plant is such that phospholipids are associated with the polypeptide. Reducing fat by supercritical fluid extraction increases antigenicity of such plant-produced membrane-bound polypeptides. Methods and means of producing such membrane-bound polypeptides are provided. Methods to produce a protective response in animals are provided by administering to the animal the membrane-bound polypeptide. Binding of antibody specific to the membrane-bound polypeptide is increased. The process provides for increased preferred formation of the membrane-bound polypeptide. Stability of the membrane-bound polypeptide is increased when the plant material is defatted.

The invention is directed to methods to identify improbable mutations in the heavy or light chain variable domain of an antibody, methods to identify antigens which bind to antibodies comprising such improbable mutations, and methods of using such antigens to induce immune responses.

The present invention provides an immune enhancer comprising at least an interferon and a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and an immunotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition comprising at least an antigen and the above-mentioned immune enhancers. The present invention further discloses a preparation method of the immunotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition, the use of the immune enhancer and the immunotherapeutic pharmaceutical composition. The immune enhancer can be applied to disease and tumor treatments caused by viruses, bacteria, and other microorganisms.

Disclosed herein are immunogenic compositions (e.g., vaccines) and methods of using and preparing the same. In some embodiments, the immunogenic compositions are suitable for use in treating or preventing an infectious disease, such as SARS-CoV-2 or HIV.

Embodiments of immunogens based on the outer domain of HIV-1 gp120 and methods of their use and production are disclosed. Nucleic acid molecules encoding the immunogens are also provided. In several embodiments, the immunogens can be used to prime an immune response to gp120 in a subject, for example, to treat or prevent an HIV-1 infection in the subject.

Methods of using viruses labeled with alkyne-modified biomolecules, such as fatty acids, carbohydrates and lipids, to treat a plant, an insect or an animal infected with a virus or to increase the infectivity of a virus, such as the human immunodeficiency virus, are provided. Also provided are methods of labeling a virus, such as human immunodeficiency virus, with an alkyne-modified biomolecule, such as a fatty acid, a carbohydrate, or an isoprenoid lipid. The viruses labeled with alkyne-modified biomolecules may be combined with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient to produce a pharmaceutical composition, optionally containing another anti-viral agent and/or a delivery agent, such as a liposome.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope proteins having specified mutations that stabilize the trimeric form of the envelope protein are provided. The HIV envelope proteins described herein have an improved percentage of trimer formation and/or an improved trimer yield. Also provided are particles displaying the HIV envelope proteins, nucleic acid molecules and vectors encoding the HIV envelope proteins, as well as compositions containing the HIV envelope proteins, particles, nucleic acid, or vectors.

The present disclosure relates to a composition for inducing immune response comprising a glycoengineered antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that is specific for an antigen portion having a receptor binding domain (RBD) of a surface protein of a virus. The present disclosure also relates to an immune combination and a method for treating an infection by a virus.