The present invention is inter alia directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one nucleic acid encoding at least one antigenic peptide or protein from a Coronavirus, preferably a pandemic Coronavirus, and at least one nucleic acid encoding at least one antigenic peptide or protein from a further virus, e.g. an Influenza virus or an RSV virus. Pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are suitable for use in treatment or prophylaxis of an infection with at least one Coronavirus and at least one further virus infection, and may therefore be comprised in a combination vaccine. The nucleic acid sequences of the pharmaceutical compositions and combination vaccines are preferably in association with a polymeric carrier, a polycationic protein or peptide, or a lipid nanoparticle (LNP). The invention is also directed to first and second and further medical uses of the pharmaceutical compositions and combination vaccines, and to methods of treating or preventing a Coronavirus infection and a further virus infection.

The present invention relates to methods of replicating viruses in vitro. In particular, the invention relates to a genetically modified population of cells, and/or a population of cells treated with an exogenous compound, wherein the cells are capable of producing more virus than cells lacking the genetic modification and/or lacking treatment with the exogenous compound. The invention also relates to methods of producing populations of such cells, as well as the use of the viruses obtained to prepare vaccine compositions.

Nanoparticles and vaccines containing these nano particles that elicit an immune response against hemagglutinin (HA) proteins from a broad range of influenza viruses are provided. The nanoparticles are made from self-assembling proteins, at least one of which is joined to an immunogenic portion of an influenza HA protein. This immunogenic portion is displayed on the nanoparticle surface, making the nanoparticles useful for vaccinating subjects against influenza virus.

Provided herein are compositions related to vaccines, e.g., influenza vaccines, including, peptide based vaccines, nucleic acid based vaccines, recombinant virus based vaccines, antibody based vaccines, and virus based vaccines. Also provided herein are methods related to vaccines, e.g., influenza vaccines, including methods of identifying epitopes for the vaccines, producing, formulating, and administering the vaccines.

Provided herein are compositions related to vaccines, e.g., influenza vaccines, including, peptide based vaccines, nucleic acid based vaccines, recombinant virus based vaccines, antibody based vaccines, and virus based vaccines. Also provided herein are methods related to vaccines, e.g., influenza vaccines, including methods of identifying epitopes for the vaccines, producing, formulating, and administering the vaccines

The present invention provides novel methods and compositions for use in preventing infection with at least one type of influenza virus, including the use of peptides or compositions comprising a peptide comprising, consisting or consisting essentially of an amino acid sequence selected from the group of sequences as shown in SEQ ID Nos: 1 to 53, or functional derivatives or homologues thereof.

The development of a computationally optimized influenza HA protein that elicits broadly reactive immune response to all H5N1 influenza virus isolates is described. The optimized HA protein was developed through a series of HA protein alignments, and subsequent generation of consensus sequences, for clade 2 H5N1 influenza virus isolates. The final consensus HA amino acid sequence was reverse translated and optimized for expression in mammalian cells. Influenza virus-like particles containing the optimized HA protein are an effective vaccine against H5N1 influenza virus infection in animals.

Formulations and methods are provided for stabilizing antigens in dry solid vaccines. One aspect relates to dry solid formulations of influenza vaccines including one or more excipients identified as imparting stability to influenza antigens. Another aspect relates to dry solid formulations of measles vaccines including one or more excipients identified as imparting stability to a measles antigen. The formulations may be in a form suitable for reconstitution in a physiologically acceptable liquid vehicle to form an injectable solution or suspension for administration to a patient or in the form of dissolvable microneedles or coated microneedles.

The present invention relates to methods of replicating viruses in vitro. In particular, the invention relates to a genetically modified population of cells, and/or a population of cells treated with an exogenous compound, wherein the cells are capable of producing more virus than cells lacking the genetic modification and/or lacking treatment with the exogenous compound. The invention also relates to methods of producing populations of such cells, as well as the use of the viruses obtained to prepare vaccine compositions.

The present invention relates to modified avian eggs which can be used to produce increased levels of virus. The present invention also relates to methods of producing viruses in avian eggs of the invention, as well as the use of the viruses obtained to prepare vaccine compositions.